环巢湖河流水环境质量的时空变化分析
2021-09-03刘阳王欢唐萍余晓美
刘阳 王欢 唐萍 余晓美



摘要 以环巢湖主要河流2015年1月—2019年6月逐月的水质指数(WQI)为研究对象,运用函数型数据分析方法构建各河流WQI变化曲线以及WQI变化速度曲线,通过K-means函数型聚类算法对WQI变化曲线及WQI变化速度进行动态特征分析。结果表明:环巢湖河流水质呈现“两阶段”周期性,受气象条件影响显著;水质区域差异显著,易受人为因素影响;环巢湖河流水质有所改善,各河流治理工作和实时效果不同,部分河流水质治理效果显著。
关键词 水环境质量;时空变化;水质指数(WQI);函数型数据分析;K-means函数型聚类;环巢湖河流
中图分类号 X 824 文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2021)14-0072-04
Abstract Taking the monthly water quality index (WQI) of the main rivers around Chaohu Lake from January 2015 to June 2019 as the research object,the functional data analysis methods were used to construct the WQI change curve and WQI change speed curve of each river, Kmeans functional clustering algorithm was used to analyze the dynamic characteristics of WQI change curve and WQI change speed.The results showed that the water quality of river around the Chaohu Lake had the cycle of two stages,which was significantly affected by meteorological conditions.The water quality had distinct regional difference, which was easily affected by human factors.The water quality of the rivers around Chaohu Lake had been improved,the river governance work and realtime effects were different for the rivers, which was remarkable only in some rivers.
Key words Water environmental quality;Temporal and spatial changes;Water quality index (WQI);Functional data analysis;Kmeans functional clustering;Rivers around Chaohu Lake
基金項目
安徽高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2018A0424);第二次全国污染源普查工业源普查报表制度及普查数据质量控制实施技术支持项目(22110399005)。
作者简介 刘阳(1988—),男,安徽亳州人,助理工程师,硕士,从事水环境质量综合分析。
收稿日期 2020-11-24;修回日期 2020-12-08
巢湖是我国的五大淡水湖之一,是我国水污染防治的重点湖体,在供水、水量控制、生态平衡和经济发展等方面发挥着重要作用。巢湖主要有9条环湖河流,其中西半湖有5条入湖河流(南淝河、十五里河、派河、杭埠河和白石天河),东半湖有3条入湖河流(兆河、双桥河和柘皋河)和1条出湖河流(裕溪河)。近几十年来,随着周边城镇经济的快速发展,工业和家庭废水经河流流入巢湖,引入大量有机物,巢湖现已成为我国污染最严重的湖泊之一。为了缓解巢湖的富营养化,在2012年合肥市政府启动了“引江济巢工程”,长江水经赵河引入巢湖,缩短湖泊水循环,缓解水体富营养化。……
