中国体育仲裁制度建构路径探析
2021-08-26刘建进莫然
刘建进 莫然
摘 要:我国体育仲裁制度的长期缺位阻碍着我国体育纠纷的有效解决,不利于我国体育事业的长远发展,考虑到我国体育纠纷的特殊性及纠纷解决的实际需求,构建我国体育仲裁制度刻不容缓。结合孙杨、大连超越等近年来典型案例,揭示体育仲裁制度缺位导致的现实困境,剖析阻碍我国体育仲裁制度建立的原因,进而提出我国体育仲裁制度建构的具体路径:第一,完善相关立法并确立体育仲裁制度;第二,建立独立的唯一体育仲裁机构;第三,依托国际力量搭建中国体育仲裁庭;第四,区域联合试点推动区域内体育组织探索同一仲裁机制。
关 键 词:体育法;体育仲裁制度;体育纠纷
中图分类号:G80-05 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-7116(2021)04-0041-06
Abstract: The long-term absence of Chinas sports arbitration system hinders the effective settlement of Chinas sports disputes, which is not conducive to the long-term development of Chinas sports undertakings. Considering the particularity of Chinas sports disputes and the actual needs of dispute resolution, the construction of Chinas sports arbitration system can provide more practical and feasible intelligent solutions for Chinas sports disputes. In accordance with recent typical events such as the Sun Yang case and Dalian ChaoYue case, this article reveals the real dilemma caused by the absence of sports arbitration, analyzes the reasons that hinder the establishment of sports arbitration in our country, and then propose the specific construction paths of Chinese sports arbitration system as follows: at first, improving relevant legislation and establishing spots arbitration system; secondly, building up independent and sole sports arbitration administration; thirdly, relying on the international forces to construct Chinese sports arbitration tribunal; fourthly, regional uniting trials propelling sports organizations of this region to actively explore the same arbitration system.
Key words: sports law;sports arbitration system;sports clisputes
体育仲裁是体育活动中发生纠纷的双方当事人,自愿将纠纷事项交由体育仲裁机构进行裁决,各方自动履行裁决义务的解决体育纠纷方式,是根据仲裁法规和体育法规建立起来的一项制度,它具有专业、高效、经济等特点。体育仲裁在体育商业化、全球化过程中发挥着日益重要的作用,目前利用体育仲裁解决体育运动中的争端在国际体育界已呈普遍化趋势。我国虽在1995年颁布了《中华人民共和国体育法》,但关于体育仲裁只设有一条象征性规定——第32条规定“在竞技体育活动中发生纠纷,由体育仲裁机构负责调解、仲裁。体育仲裁机构的设立办法和仲裁范围由国务院另行规定”。而在2000年《中华人民共和国立法法》颁布,问题又发生了变化,该法第8条第9项明确规定:“仲裁制度职能由全国人民代表大会及其常务委员会制定法律。……
