周望 程帆

摘  要：在开放性与流动性日趋明显的现代社会，危机的跨域性愈发显著，如何构建灵活高效的跨域风险应对机制，提高我国跨域危机应对能力，成为当前应急管理研究的重点。日本首都圈已经积累了针对跨域风险应对的成熟合作经验，文章从“一案三制”视角出发，通过对中日首都圈跨域危机应对体系建设现状进行梳理和比较发现，我国首都圈在跨域危机应对预案、体制、法制、机制建设中存在一些问题，未来还需要从建立风险评估基础上的危机应对体系、完善跨区域应急预案体系、建立整体性跨域危机应对体制、完善跨域危机应对的法律体系、拓展跨域危机应对参与主体5个方面加以改进。

关键词：跨域危机应对;中日首都圈;京津冀;一案三制

中图分类号：D63;X4 文献标识码：A

DOI：10.19881/j.cnki.1006-3676.2021.05.01

Construction of Transboundary Crisis Response System

——Based on the Comparison of China and Japan Capital Circle

Zhou Wang  Cheng Fan

（Zhou Enlai School of Government，Nankai University，Tianjin，300350）

Abstract：With the openness and mobility of modern society becoming more and more obvious，the transboundary characteristics of crises is increasingly significant. How to build a flexible and efficient transboundary risk response mechanism and improve our country's transboundary crisis response capabilities has become the focus of current emergency management research. Japan's capital circle has accumulated mature cooperation experience for transboundary risk response. From the perspective of“one case and three systems”，the article sorts and compares the current situation of the construction of the transboundary crisis response system in the capital area of China and Japan，and finds that Chinese capital circle has some problems in the construction of transboundary crisis response plans，systems，legal systems and mechanisms. In the future，it is necessary to establish the crisis response system based on risk assessment，improve the transboundary crisis response plan，management and legal system，and expand the participants in transboundary crisis response.

Key Words：Transboundary crisis Response;China and Japan capital circle;Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei;One case and three systems

一、问题的提出

21世纪以来，越来越多的事实和经验表明人类正在进入一个贝克所预设的“风险社会”，风险社会一个重要特点就是风险在影响和后果上的延展性——“其空间影响是全球性的，超越了地理边界和社会文化边界的限制，其时间影响是持续的，可以影响到后代”[1]。随着全球化、工业化、城市化进程的加快，现代社会因关键基础设施的互联而逐渐网络化，致灾因子的影响会沿着关键基础设施出现传导，一地发生的突发事件，其物理影响会快速向其他区域特别是相邻区域迅速扩张。[2]因此，在开放性与流动性日趋明显的现代社会，其危机的跨域性也愈发显著。……