□ 张鲁敏 ZHANG Lu-min 顾芬 GU Fen 任皎皎 REN Jiao-jiao 范蓓蓉 FAN Bei-rong 陈刘莺 CHEN Liu-ying 虞蓉蓉 YU Rong-rong

Objective To analyze the current situation and focus of patient reported outcome in the field of nursing in foreign countries, and to provide reference for the domestic researches in this field. Methods The literature in patient reported outcome were searched in PubMed database up to September 30, and word frequency and co-word clustering analysis were conducted. Results A total of 225 articles were included in the analysis and 4 groups of subject words were generated from systematic clustering and double clustering. The focus of nursing researches was on health-related quality of life, measurement tool of patient reporting outcome, self-report pain outcome. The researches also explored the consistency of patient reported outcome and nurse evaluated outcome, nurse involvement in the development of patient self-report measurement tools, and the feasibility and acceptability of nurse intervention based on patient report. Conclusion The researches of patient reported outcome in nursing field is currently in the development stage. It is practical and acceptable for nurses to pay attention to the self-report of health-related quality of life and efficacy of cancer patients and the development and selection of methods and tools for children reported outcomes, and to lead interventions based on patient reported content.

随着信息技术发展，人们越来越重视健康医疗大数据的构建及共享，然而临床实践产生和录存的数据多为医务人员评估的患者健康信息、客观的实验室指标、影像学结果等，忽略了患者的体验，即患者自我报告数据[1]。有研究证实，单独使用临床客观指标，可能会高估医疗干预措施对患者的有效性，并低估疾病对患者个体的影响，继而其预后和生活质量受到影响[2]。患者报告结局(Patient-reported outcomes，PROs)可能是唯一可行的终点[3]，可作为大数据采集的补充，这一理念是由美国食品药品监督管理局在2002年提出的，用以描述患者健康状态有关的信息。患者报告结局已成为近年来国内外学者高度关注的热点之一。护理人员作为临床医疗照护中最主要的倾听者之一，与患者报告的结局密切接触，国外护理领域患者报告结局应用较早，取得良好效果。本研究采用文献计量分析法，对PubMed数据库中的相关文献进行分析，探讨国外患者报告结局在护理领域的研究热点和发展趋势，为国内深入开展此类研究提供借鉴。

资料与方法

1.检索。选取PubMed数据库进行检索，该数据库由美国国家医学图书馆研制，是世界公认最重要、最权威及使用率最高的生物医学文献数据库之一，它更新及时、文献量大、功能齐全，能满足本研究需求。

2.检索策略。采用主题词检索策略，为确保检索结果的专一性和精准性，在《医学主题词表》(MESH)中查找规范化……