蒋志钢

摘 要：当前汽车工业及其制造技术已随全球科技进步率先进入工业4.0时代，全球汽车制造水平高速发展，汽车生产效率大幅提升，据统计主流的汽车厂商其生产节拍已经达到每隔两分钟左右即可完成一台整车下线，生产节拍之快令人叹服，当然归根到底这一切都离不开汽车制造中最基础的冲压、焊接、涂装、装配四大生产工艺。本文着重从汽车制造四大生产工艺之一的焊接方面，来探讨汽车白车身相关的点焊工艺及其质量控制方法。

关键词：汽车 白车身 焊接 质量 工艺 控制 解决

Analysis on the Spot Welding Process and Quality Control Methods of Body-in-White

Jiang Zhigang

Abstract：The current automotive industry and its manufacturing technology have been entered the Industry 4.0 era with global technological progress. The global automotive manufacturing level is developing rapidly， and automotive production efficiency has been greatly improved. According to statistics， mainstream automotive manufacturers have reached their production cycle every two minutes or so. A complete vehicle can be rolled off the assembly line， and the production cycle is impressive. Of course， in the final analysis， all of this is inseparable from the four most basic production processes of stamping， welding， painting and assembly in automobile manufacturing. This article focuses on the welding aspect of one of the four major production processes of automobile manufacturing， and discusses the spot welding process and its quality control methods related to the automobile body in white.

Key words：automobile， body-in-white， welding， quality， process， control， solution

1 引言

我們知道汽车的制造生产工艺不但复杂繁琐而且精度质量也要求极高，这些都关系到汽车的可靠性和安全性，因此从最基础的生产工艺上做好汽车整车产品设计和质量控制，这样才能生产出用户满意并认可的汽车产品。当前绝大多数品牌的白车身结构是以钢板型材冲压件为基础，然后通过各种焊接手段把各个冲压件一一组合拼接起来而来。一个白车身一般由几十数百个厚度不同的冲压件经过激光焊、点焊、钎焊、螺柱焊、电弧焊、铆钉连接、螺栓连接及各种涂胶粘接等方式最后组成一个完整的白车身。其中焊接工艺在汽车传统生产工艺中，不但有很大占比而且至关重要，而点焊在汽车白车身焊接工艺中属于应用最广泛的一种焊接工艺，一个完整的白车身一般需要布置设计4000-5000个焊点，这些数量繁多的焊点一般均都需要采用电阻点焊工艺来实现。……