张婷 施敏 廖陈敏 刘富林

摘要 痛泻要方（TXYF）是治疗痛泻的经典名方，近年来在溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的治疗中效果显著，基础研究逐渐从微观角度探讨了其治疗UC的作用机制。国内外学者对TXYF治疗UC药理作用机制进行了较为系统的研究，初步阐明了该方治疗UC的作用机制。本文检索近年来TXYF治疗UC的相关文献，从调节免疫功能、修复肠黏膜屏障、调节胃肠平滑肌、调控细胞凋亡过程等方面进行综述，以期为后期研究提供新思路。

关键词 痛泻要方;白术芍药散;溃疡性结肠炎;作用机制;综述

Abstract Tongxieyao Formula is a classic prescription for the treatment of pain diarrhea.It has achieved remarkable effect in the treatment of ulcerative colitis（UC） in recent years.Basic research has gradually explored its mechanism of action in the treatment of UC from a microscopic perspective.The pharmacological mechanism of TXYF in the treatment of UC has been systematically studied by domestic and foreign scholars，and the mechanism of action of TXYF in the treatment of UC has been preliminarily elucidated.In this paper，relevant literature on the treatment of UC by TXYF in recent years were reviewed from the aspects of regulating immune function，repairing intestinal mucosal barrier，regulating gastrointestinal smooth muscle，and regulating the process of apoptosis，etc.in order to provide new ideas for further research.

Keywords Tongxieyao Formula （TXYF）; Baizhu Shaoyao Powder; Ulcerative colitis; Mechanism of action; Review

中图分类号：R259文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.10.029

痛泻要方（Tongxie Yaofang，TXYF）是治疗痛泻的经典方，最早出现于《丹溪心法》卷二泄泻章，虽无方名，但明确标明“治痛泄”，明代《古今医统大全》中称此方为“白术芍药散”，《医方考》改其名为“痛泻要方”。痛泻要方，全方炒白术、炒白芍、炒陈皮、防风4药，理气与燥湿并著，止痛与缓急同彰，属痛泻肝郁脾虚证型的代表方剂。主要药理成分包括芍药苷、苍术酮、白术内酯Ⅰ、β-谷甾醇、丹皮酚、5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷等[1]。

溃疡性结肠炎（Ulcerative Colitis，UC）是以腹痛、腹泻、黏液脓血便为特征的慢性炎症性肠病[2]。迄今疾病发病机制尚不明确。现代医学的非手术治疗包括5-氨基水杨酸药物、类固醇和免疫抑制剂等[3]。中医中药治疗该病存在优势，TXYF可以通过免疫调节等机制达到治疗UC的目的。现查阅相关研究文章，对近年来TXYF治疗UC作用机制研究进展进行综述。

1 调节免疫功能

免疫调节是指机体识别和排除抗原性异物，维持自身生理功能动态平衡与相对稳定的过程，影响UC发病的一个重要原因是免疫功能受到破壞[4]。……