建筑工程大体积混凝土浇筑与养护措施探讨
2021-08-10郑月芳
郑月芳
摘 要:目前,建筑工程体系得到优化和完善,其中大体积混凝土技术应用效果良好,能够满足高层建筑物及大型基础施工方面的要求。然而,大体积混凝土具有表面系数小、水热化释放集中、内部升温速度快的特征,在实际施工期间时常出现混凝土温度裂缝等质量问题,如不及时处置,会给结构造成严重的隐患,影响建筑物安全。所以,为充分发挥技术优势,预防和减少混凝土温差裂缝等问题的出现,本文对建筑工程大体积混凝土的浇筑与养护技术措施进行探讨,为同类工程提供参考。
关键词:建筑工程 大体积混凝土 浇筑与养护 技术措施
中图分类号:TU755.7 文献标识码:A文章编号:1674-098X(2021)04(b)-0050-03
Discussion on Pouring and Maintenance Measures of Mass Concrete in Construction Engineering
ZHENG Yuefang
(The Third Engineering Co., Ltd. of China Railway 15th Bureau Group, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, 611700 China)
Abstract: At present, the construction engineering system has been optimized and improved. Among them, the mass concrete technology has a good application effect, which can meet the requirements of high-rise buildings and large-scale foundation construction. However, large-volume concrete has the characteristics of low surface coefficient, concentrated hydrothermal release, and high internal heating speed. Quality problems such as concrete temperature cracks often occur during actual construction. If not disposed of in time, it will cause serious hidden dangers to the structure and affect Building safety. Therefore, in order to give full play to the technical advantages, prevent and reduce the occurrence of concrete temperature difference cracks and other problems, this article discusses the technical measures for the pouring and maintenance of large-volume concrete in construction projects to provide references for similar projects.
Key words: construction engineering; mass concrete; pouring and maintenance; technical measures
1 建筑工程大体积混凝土浇筑措施
1.1 混凝土制备
首先,为改善大体积混凝土的特征,突破技术应用局限性,可通过调整混凝土配合比方案的方法,全面改善混凝土材料性能,以此来实现大体积混凝土浇筑温度与降温速率的控制目的,避免在混凝土结构中形成温差裂缝、收缩裂缝。因此,在选择原材料时,应优先使用连续级配粗骨料、缓凝剂与减水剂等外加剂、将矿渣粉或粉煤灰作为掺合料、使用中热硅酸盐水泥或火山灰质硅酸盐水泥等水热化程度较低的水泥,或是根据工程情况直接采购商品砼。
其次,全面掌握不同结构部位的大体积混凝土施工要求,将其作为制定混凝土配合比方案的主要依据。例如,在所浇筑大体积混凝土具备防水功能时,需要使用低热或中热水泥来制备混凝土,并在混凝土中掺入适量的粉煤灰、减水剂、膨胀剂和缓凝剂。……
