朱炳杰 杨希祥 邓小龙 麻震宇

摘  要：太阳能飞行器是实现临近空间持久驻空的重要平台，通过对太阳能的循环获取、综合利用实现高空长航时飞行。能源系统设计是制约太阳能飞行器发展的核心因素。在当前研究生教学实践中，从专业特点、技术需求及创新型人才培养等方面出发，结合太阳能飞行器能源系统设计，开展研究实验教学的具体流程及效果评估。实践表明：综合实验设计的教学方式可以加深学生对理论知识的掌握，还可以激发学生设计临近空间飞行器的热情，提高学生在飞行器研究方面的创新能力和工程实践能力。

关键词：太阳能飞行器  能源系统设计 实验教学 综合实验设计

中图分类号：TK514                           文献标识码：A文章编号：1674-098X（2021）04（b）-0004-05

Comprehensive Experimental Designing of Solar Powered Aircraft Energy System

ZHU Bingjie  YANG Xixiang  DENG Xiaolong  MA Zhenyu

（College of Aerospace Science and Engineering， National University of Defense Technology， Changsha， Hunan Province， 410073  China）

Abstract： Solar powered aircraft is an important platform for near-space enduring station-keeping， it can accomplish high-altitude and long-endurance flight by means of circular obtaining solar energy and comprehensive utilization. The design of energy system is the core factor among all that restrict the development of solar powered aircraft. In the current educational practice for the training of postgraduate， based on the specialty， technology requirements and innovative talents training， combining the design of energy system for solar powered aircraft， the exact process and effect evaluating for experiment teaching are carried on in this paper. It is shown that the teaching method of comprehensive experimental designing can help students to solidify their professional knowledge， enhance their study enthusiasm for near-space aircraft design， and improve their innovation ability and engineering practice ability in aircraft research.

Key Words： Solar powered aircraft; Design of energy system; exper1imental teaching; Comprehensive experimental designing

臨近空间作为人类继陆、海、空、天之后，进一步拓展和利用的自然环境之一，对促进新的空间资源探索和经济产业发展具有重大意义。以太阳能飞行器为代表的临近空间超长航时飞行器，驻空时间长久、飞行高度适中、覆盖范围宽广、军民用途极其广泛，被称为“平流层卫星”，已成为各军事强国和商业巨头竞相发展的重大前沿方向[1-2]。

太阳能飞行器持久驻空飞行产生的能源短缺问题，是当前严重制约该技术发展应用的瓶颈之一。太阳能飞行器在驻空过程中主要依靠太阳电池获取能量，分析和计算太阳电池阵列的产能、储能电池充放电、能源分配，对优化太阳能飞行器能源系统设计、提高驻空飞行时间具有十分重要的意义[3-5]。……