王宗华 张笃建

摘  要：目的  探讨早期康复指导对肺损伤患者神经、运动及认知功能恢复效果的影响。方法  选取2018年5月～2019年5月山东省枣庄市肿瘤医院收治110例肺损伤患者作为研究对象，随机数表法分为观察组和对照组，各55例。对照组给予常规护理，包括密切观察病情变化、用药指导、康复指导等，观察组在常规护理基础上给予早期康复干预。比较两组生活质量评分、神经功能恢复情况以及MMSE、Fugl-Meyer、LOTCA评分。结果  干预6个月后，观察组患者的社会功能、躯体功能、健康状态以及情感状态评分均明显优于对照组（P<0.05）。观察组患者的恢复率明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。干预前两组的MMSE、Fugl-Meyer、LOTCA得分均无显著性差异（P>0.05）;干预6个月后，两组的MMSE、Fugl-Meyer、LOTCA得分均明显增加，且观察组的各项评分均明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论  早期康复指导可有效促进肺损伤患者神经、运动与认知功能的恢复，从而提高患者生活质量，建议临床应用。

关键词：早期康复指导;肺损伤;神经功能;运动功能;认知功能

中图分类号：R473.5    文献标识码：A    文章编号：1009-8011（2021）-5-0012-04

Abstract： Objective  To explore the effect of early rehabilitation guidance on the recovery of nerve， motor and cognitive function in patients with lung injury. Methods  From May 2018 to May 2019， 110 patients with lung injury admitted to Zaozhuang Cancer Hospital in Shandong Province were selected as the research objects. Random number table method was divided into observation group and control group， 55 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing care， including close observation of disease changes， medication guidance， and rehabilitation guidance. The observation group was given early rehabilitation intervention on the basis of routine care. The quality of life scores， neurological function recovery， MMSE， Fugl-Meyer， and LOTCA scores were compared between the two groups. Results  After 6 months of intervention， the social function， physical function， health status， and emotional status scores of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group（P<0.05）. The recovery rate of patients in the observation group， which was significantly higher than the control group（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the MMSE， Fugl-Meyer， and LOTCA scores of the two groups before the intervention（P>0.05）; after 6 months of intervention， the MMSE， Fugl-Meyer， and LOTCA scores of the two groups increased significantly， and the observation group. The item scores were significantly higher than the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion  Early rehabilitation guidance can effectively promote the recovery of nerve， motor and cognitive functions of patients with lung injury， thereby improving the quality of life of patients， and clinical application is recommended.

Keywords： early rehabilitation guidance; lung injury; nerve function; motor function; cognitive function

肺損伤是一种常见的急症，病情严重，死亡率高，致残率高。相关研究结果表明，肺损伤的发生率接近10%，肺损伤的发病率呈逐渐增加的趋势。部分患者存活后仍会出现不同程度的神经功能、肢体运动功能和日常生活能力的损害，影响患者的生活质量和预后。以往对肺损伤的治疗注重早期生命抢救，而忽视功能的早期恢复[1]。近年来研究发现[2-3]，对肺损伤予以早期康复干预对患者肢体运动及认知功能的恢复具有积极的改善作用。基于此，本文选取山东省枣庄市肿瘤医院收治的110例肺损伤患者作为研究对象，旨在探讨早期康复指导对肺损伤患者神经、运动及认知功能恢复效果的影响，报告如下。……