王晖 朱智强 雷菲 符传良

摘要 [目的]研究海南省三亞市崖州区土地整理前后养分的变化，为地力提升提供依据。[方法]对土地整理前、后及种植一季水稻后土壤pH、有机质、阳离子交换量、NPK等大量元素及常见微量元素进行检测和分析。[结果]土壤pH从整理前5.71降低到4.77，种植一季水稻后增加到6.01;有机质、全氮及速效氮、磷、钾含量均大幅度下降，总体上有机质、氮极缺乏，钾中等，磷极丰富;交换性钙和交换性镁分别下降了66.66%、29.18%，种植后上升12.78%、54.68%，总体上钙较缺乏、镁中等;有效硫从11.39 mg/kg提高到15.41、16.11 mg/kg，总体处于中等水平;阳离子交换量从3.94 cmol（+）/kg降低到2.87 cmol（+）/kg，降低了27.09%，种植后略有提高;土地整理后有效铁、有效锰总体处于偏高水平;有效铜从中等降到极缺，种植一季水稻后提升到较缺水平;有效锌从偏高降低到中等，种植一季水稻后提升到丰富水平;有效硼从中等降低到较缺水平。[结论]三亚市崖州区地力提升的策略是大量施用有机肥，多施氮，适量施钾，少施或不施磷，并重视提高土壤阳离子交换量和交换性钙、有效铜、有效硼的含量。

关键词 土地整理;土壤养分;大量元素;中微量元素;三亚市

中图分类号 S-158  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）13-0220-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.13.056

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Effects of Land Consolidation on Soil Nutrients  in Yazhou District， Sanya City

WANG Hui1，ZHU Zhi qiang1，LEI Fei2 et al

（1.Hainan Agricultural Reclamation South Numerous Industry Group Co. Ltd.， Sanya， Hainan 572025;2. Institute of Agricultural Environment and Soil， Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Haikou， Hainan 571100）

Abstract [Objective] To provide basis for soil fertility improvement through the study of nutrient changes before and after land consolidation in Yazhou District， Sanya City， Hainan Province. [Method] Soil pH value， organic matter， cation exchange capacity， NPK and other elements as well as common trace elements were detected and analyzed before and after land consolidation and after planting rice for one season. [Result]The pH value of the soil decreased from 5.71 before finishing to 4.77， and increased to 6.01 after planting rice for one season. The content of organic matter， total amount and available nitrogen， phosphorus and potassium decreased significantly. On the whole， organic matter and nitrogen were deficient， while potassium was medium and phosphorus was abundant. The exchangeable calcium and magnesium decreased by 66.66% and 29.19%， respectively， and increased by 12.78% and 54.68% after planting. In general， calcium was deficient and magnesium was moderate. The effective sulfur increased from 11.39 mg/kg to 15.41 mg/kg and 16.11 mg/kg， which were generally at a medium level. Cationic exchange capacity decreased from 3.94 cmol（+）/kg to 2.87 cmol（+）/kg， which decreased by 27.09% and slightly increased after planting. The effect of land consolidation on the abundance and deficiency of common effective trace elements： the available iron and manganese are generally on the high level;the available copper was reduced from medium to extremely deficient， and after planting rice for one season， it was raised to relatively deficient level. The effective zinc decreased from high to medium， and increased to rich level after planting rice for one season. Effective boron is reduced from medium to low level. [Conclusion]The strategy to improve soil fertility is to apply a large amount of organic fertilizer， more nitrogen， adequate potassium， little or no phosphorus， and pay attention to increase the cation exchange capacity of soil and the content of exchangeable calcium， available copper and available boron.

Key words Land consolidation;Soil nutrients;Lots of elements;Medium trace element;Sanya City

土地整理是人类在土地利用过程中对土地的不断建设和重新配置[1-2]。随着我国经济社会的发展和城市化进程的加快，土地整理后补充耕地的面积也日益扩大[3-4]。保持耕地数量和质量平衡，不仅需要在数量上对耕地进行动态评估，更要在质量上进行分析，提出可行的质量提升方案。……