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复合纤维膜负载碳纳米管的制备及传感性能

2021-08-05沈悦杨芳芳李楠

丝绸 2021年6期

沈悦 杨芳芳 李楠

摘要: 文章模仿蛛网中包含不同结构的蛛丝,采用离心-静电纺丝法制备聚氨酯-聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PU-PET)复合纤维膜作为柔性基材,以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为导电介质,制备出兼具高弹性、高灵敏度的可拉伸复合纤维膜。不同纤维组成的复合纤维膜既能感知人体微小的动作变化,也可响应大幅度的肢体动作。经过一系列的性能测试表明,复合纤维膜断裂伸长率高、响应时间快、稳定性好、回复能力强、压力测试范围广,具有良好的抗氧化性能。这些优异的性能使得該复合纤维膜可以作为可穿戴器件监测人体不同部位的肢体动作,体现出分级响应能力。

关键词: 复合纤维膜;多壁碳纳米管;离心-静电纺丝;应变传感器;人体动作监测;聚酯/聚氨酯纤维

中图分类号: TS102.52

文献标志码: A

Abstract: The article imitates spider webs with different structures and uses centrifugal-electrospinning to prepare polyurethane-polyethylene terephthalate(PU-PET) composite fiber membrane as the flexible substrate, with multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) as the conductive medium, to prepare stretchable composite fiber membrane with high elasticity and high sensitivity. The composite fiber membranes composed of different fibers can not only sense the tiny movement changes of human body, but also respond to large-scale body movements. After a series of performance tests, the composite fiber membranes had high elongation at break, fast response, good stability, strong recovery ability, wide test range of pressure and good oxidation resistance. These excellent performances enable such composite fiber membranes to be used as wearable devices to monitor the movements of different parts of the human body, reflecting graded response ability.

Key words: composite fiber membrane; multi-walled carbon nanotubes; centrifugal-electrospinning; strain sensor; monitoring of body movement; polyester/polyurethane fiber

传统的医疗检测耗时耗力且移动性差,而传感器的研发使得医疗手段越来越先进。现代医疗健康监测着力于便时便利,柔性传感器的研发有望使人们能实时了解自己的健康状况。目前有些常规的检查,人们不用去医院,只要在家里就能检查自己的身体,比如家用血压计、心电仪和血糖仪等[1-3]。但有些疾病的早期预防和日常监测需要通过传感器贴合皮肤及关节等部位,这就需要传感器兼具柔性和高灵敏度。早期研究的可穿戴监测设备大多是将传感器制备成三维结构[4-6],利用空间构造增大传感器的受力范围,但是这种类型的传感器灵敏度和稳定性低,且贴附在人体皮肤表面的舒适度差,因此需要制备出具有高弹性、灵敏度高、稳定性好的可穿戴柔性传感器。……

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