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永靖县金银花产业现状与发展对策

2021-07-25何正奎王巧云

甘肃农业科技 2021年6期
关键词:对策

何正奎 王巧云

摘要:分析了永靖县金银花发展现状及存在的问题,提出了引进优质高产新品种,建立种苗繁育基地;标准化有机绿色生产基地建设;市场流通体系建设;农业机械化技术示范推广;引进加工企业,延伸产业链條;继续加强政府扶持力度等发展建议。

关键词:金银花;永靖县;对策

中图分类号:S567.7        文献标志码:A        文章编号:1001-1463(2021)06-0084-04

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.06.020

Composition and Influencing Factors of Flavor in Tomato Fruit

ZHANG Li 1, 2, HU Zhifeng 1, 2, SHAO Jingcheng 1, 2, GENG Xinjun 1, 2

(1. Institute of Vegetables, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou Gansu 730070, China; 2. Northwest Vegetable Science Observation and Experimental Station, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Gansu 730070, China)

Abstract:The flavor of tomatoes is determined by the volatile compounds formed during the ripening process of tomatoes, which to a certain extent determines the choice of consumers to buy tomatoes. The substances that determine the flavor of tomatoes undergo dynamic changes during the ripening process of tomatoes, from initial release to aroma enrichment to depletion, and are affected by many factors. In order to understand how to speed up the preparation period of aroma material synthesis, prolong the accumulation period of aroma material enrichment, and reduce the loss period of aroma material as far as possible, the key ways and key substances of tomato aroma material synthesis were expounded, so as to provide reference for the improvement of tomato flavor quality.

Key words:Tomato; Fruit flavor; Aroma; Aromatic substances; Biosynthetic pathway; Impact factors

金银花,又名忍冬(Lonicera japonica Thunb)。“金银花”名出自《本草纲目》,由于忍冬花初开为白色,后转为黄色,因此得名。又因为1蒂2花,2条花蕊探在外,成双成对,形影不离,状如雄雌相伴,又似鸳鸯对舞,故亦有鸳鸯藤之称。金银花的适应性很强,对土壤和气候的选择并不严格,酸性、盐碱地均能生长,在海拔2 100 m以下的山坡、梯田、地堰、堤坝、瘠薄的丘陵均可栽培。以土层较厚的砂质壤土为最佳[1 ]。金银花繁殖可用播种、插条和分根等方法,在当年生新枝上孕蕾开花,根系发达,生根力强,是一种很好的固土保水植物。

1   现状

1.1   生产现状

2020年,甘肃省金银花种植面积为0.87万hm2,预计到2021年产量0.4万t,年产值达4亿元。2019年,永靖县为了产业结构调整,稳固脱贫攻坚成效,引进种植金银花0.05万hm2,2020年种植面积达0.09万hm2,2021年计划增加种植0.05万hm2,种植面积达到0.14万hm2,主要分布在西山和川塬区14个乡镇,年产量达3 250 t,产值达6 500万元。同时,永靖县以创建国家有机产品认证示范县为契机,全面建设金银花有机生产基地,引进甘肃九间棚刘家峡有限公司,积极打造“刘家峡有机金银花”品牌,目前有机认证面积为15.98 hm2。在永靖县示范带动下,2021年临夏州示范推广0.41万hm2,预计盛花期年产量达到1.2万t以上,年产值2.4亿元左右。……

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