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适宜会宁县半干旱区旧膜穴播的胡麻品种筛选试验

2021-07-25赵宝勰杨继忠李雨阳杜世坤俞华林强旭阳陈彩霞马全芳师学豪

甘肃农业科技 2021年6期

赵宝勰 杨继忠 李雨阳 杜世坤 俞华林 强旭阳 陈彩霞 马全芳 师学豪

摘要:在旧膜穴播条件下,以胡麻品种陇亚10号为对照,在会宁县半干旱区于2010 —2016年对引进的20个胡麻品种(系)进行了品种比较试验。结果表明,陇亚8号、定亚22号、陇亚10号、陇亚11号4个品种(系),综合性状优良,产量高且较为稳定,可确定为会宁县半干旱区旧膜穴播栽培的主推胡麻品种。9622、97047、坝亚11号、陇亚杂3号4个品种参试年限虽短,但增产效果明显,有望成为会宁县半干旱区旧膜穴播栽培的接班品种。

关键词:胡麻;品种筛选;旧膜穴播;半干旱区

中图分类号:S562.3       文献标志码:A        文章编号:1001-1463(2021)06-0063-07

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.06.016

Effects of Nitrogen Application and Density on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Codonopsis Pilosula

YANG Rongzhou, JING Yanming, WANG Fusheng, WANG Shuxia, LI Li

(Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dingxi Gansu 743000, China)

Abstract:Effects of different N application rates and densities on the yield and water use efficiency of Codonopsis pilosula were studied. The results showed that different N application rates and densities had significant effects on the first and second grade Codonopsis pilosula yield. Under the condition of the same density, with the increase of N application the first and second grade yield of Codonopsis pilosula was the highest, when the N application rate of 120 kg/hm2, The yield and water use efficiency of Codonopsis pilosula were the highest. Under the same application rate, the proportion of the first and second grade products, the yield and the water use efficiency of density Cordonopsis pilosula were the highest when the density was 800 000 plants/hm2. In conclusion, 120 kg/hm2 of nitrogen application and 800,000 plants/hm2 of density are the optimum combination of fertilizer application and density for Codonopsis pilosula cultivation in the test area.

Key words:Codonopsis pilosula; Nitrogen application; Density; Yield; Water use efficiency

胡麻在会宁县水旱地均有种植,以旱地为主,占胡麻种植面积的90%以上[1 ],主要分为沿黄灌区、不饱灌区、旱作区三大栽培区。其中沿黄灌区种植面积不大,但产量较高,正常产量水平在2 550 kg/hm2以上,属胡麻高产区[2 ];不饱灌区主要分布在以柴门镇为中心的城郊地区,多采用“新膜玉米—残膜玉米—胡麻”少免耕轮作节本增效种植模式,种植比重占作物的40%以上,正常产量水平大致在2 250 kg/hm2[3 ];旱作区胡麻种植面积大,占全县胡麻种植面积的90%。2007年前胡麻以露地种植为主,从2008年开始,地膜多次利用穴播胡麻得以快速发展,目前应用面积接近50%,正常产量水平达1 125 kg/hm2,高者可达2 250 kg/hm2[4 ]。但现阶段在胡麻生产中,普遍存在着水地旱地品种共用、露地栽培和地膜栽培共用、主栽品种不明显的现象[4 ]。为筛选出适合一年覆膜多年利用穴播栽培胡麻品种,我们于2010 — 2016年陆续对从不同产地引进26个胡麻品种(系)开展旧膜穴播胡麻品种比较试验,以期为会宁县胡麻新品种的大面积推广种植提供依据。……

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