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甘肃民勤野生黑果枸杞果实营养成分分析

2021-07-25王春林武芸王风琴

甘肃农业科技 2021年6期

王春林 武芸 王风琴

摘要:以甘肃民勤野生黑果枸杞为材料,测定了其水分、灰分、脂肪、蛋白质、总黄酮、多酚、总花色苷和氨基酸等成分含量。结果表明,民勤野生黑果枸杞果实含水分795 g/kg、灰分57.254 g/kg、脂肪0.490 g/kg、蛋白质0.084 83 g/kg、总黄酮25.90 mg/g、总多酚27.51 mg/g、总花色苷1.27 mg/g。氨基酸总量为21.33 mg/g,其中必需氨基酸有7种,占总氨基酸的27.1%;药效氨基酸9种,占总氨基酸的65.8%。药用氨基酸谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸、精氨酸含量较高,具有较高的药用价值。

关键词:黑果枸杞;营养成分;氨基酸;民勤县

中图分类号:S567.19       文献标志码:A       文章编号:1001-1463(2021)06-0033-05

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.06.009

Analysis of Nutrient Ingredient of Wild Lycium ruthenicum from Minqin in Gansu

WANG Chunlin 1,2,WU Yun 3,WANG Fengqin 1,2

(1. College of Life Science and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang Gansu 745000, China; 2. Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Longdong Bio-Resources in Gansu Province, Qingyang Gansu 745000, China;3. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Longdong University, Qingyang Gansu 745000, China)

Abstract:Taking the wild Lycium ruthenicum from Minqin of Gansu Province as the material, the nutrient contents of water, ash, fat, protein, total axunge, total flavonoids, polyphenol, total anthocyanins and amino acid were determined. The results showed that the cotent of wate was 795 g/kg, ash was 57.254 g/g, was fat 0.490 g/kg, protein was 0.084 83 g/kg, total flavonoids was 25.90 mg/g, total polyphenol was 27.51 mg/g, total anthocyanin was 1.27 mg/g. The total amino acids were 21.33 mg/g, among which seven kinds of essential amino acids accounted for 27.1% of the total amino acids. There were 9 kinds of pharmacodynamic amino acids, accounting for 65.8% of the total amino acids. The content of glutamic acid, aspartic acid and arginine in the pharmacodynamic amino acid is higher, which has higher medicinal value.

Key words:Lycium ruthenicum Murr.;Nutrient ingredient;Amino acids;Minqin County

黑果枸杞屬于茄科枸杞属,多为棘刺灌木,在我国主要分布在宁夏、青海、新疆、西藏、甘肃等西部地区。与普通枸杞相比,其营养更丰富,尤其含具有清除自由基、抗氧化功能的天然的花色苷素,药用、保健价值远远高于普通红枸杞,被誉为“软黄金”[1 ]。黑果枸杞藏药称“旁玛”,具有降血糖血脂、抗肿瘤、保护肝脏、消炎抗菌、延缓衰老、提高记忆力等功效[2 ]。这与其中含有的多酚、黄酮、甜菜碱、糖蛋白、脂肪酸等化学成分有着必然联系[3 ]。目前,关于黑果枸杞的研究较多,主要有栽培技术与管理、化学成分与药理作用、营养成分分析、产品研发以及对不同地区黑果枸杞营养成分比较等方面[4 - 8 ],但对甘肃民勤野生黑果枸杞果实营养成分分析未见报道。我们于2018年测定了甘肃民勤野生黑果枸杞水分、灰分、蛋白质、脂肪等常规营养成分和氨基酸的含量,以期为甘肃民勤黑枸杞在医药、新茶和保健品等方面开发利用提供参考。……

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