克拉玛依市水环境承载能力评价分析
2021-07-23郑艺
郑艺


摘要:在综合分析水环境承载力概念的基础上,结合克拉玛依市水环境现状,通过选定水环境承载力评价指标、收集汇总2019年水质监测数据、识别水环境污染的重点区域和时段,进行评价指标和承载力指数计算,最终分析克拉玛依市水环境承载力状态,提出提高水环境承载能力的方向,为进一步加强克拉玛依市水污染防治工作、建立水环境承载力监测预警长效机制提供服务和指导。
关键词:水环境;承载能力;评价;分析
Evaluation and Analysis of Water Environment Bearing Capacity In Karamay City
ZHENG Yi
(Karamay Institute of Environmental Protection Science, Karamay, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 834000 China)
Abstract: Based on comprehensive analysis of the concept of water environment bearing capacity, combining with the present situation of water environment of Karamay, through the selected evaluation index of water environment bearing capacity, the aggregation in 2019 water quality monitoring data, identify the key area of water pollution of the environment and time, the evaluation index and bearing capacity calculation, the final analysis state of bearing capacity of water environment of Karamay, increasing the bearing capacity of water environment is proposed, in order to further strengthen water pollution prevention and control work of Karamay, establish long-term effective mechanism of monitoring and early warning of water environment bearing capacity to provide service and guidance.
Key Words:Water environment; Bearing capacity; Evaluation analysis
2015年4月国务院印发的《水十条》提出要建立水资源、水环境承载能力监测评价体系,实行承载能力监测预警,2020 年完成市、县域水环境承载能力现状评价。《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》2017年修订版中第二十九条规定,环境保护主管部门应组织开展流域环境资源承载能力监测、评价,实施流域环境资源承载能力预警。以上法律法规的出台彰显了国家加强水环境承载力管理的决心[1]。
水环境承载力是指区域水环境在某一时期或某种状态下,能够具有自我维持和自我调节的能力,并保证水体功能的正常发挥。同时,还可以保持持续健康的社会经济发展的支撑能力[2]。在研究方法上,常见的有多目标决策分析法、模糊综合评价法、系统动力学法等,这些方法对于我们更好的认识水环境及其承载力起到了非常好的作用[3]。一般来说,环境承载力指标与经济开发活动、环境质量状况之间的数量关系是非常复杂的,因此很难确定[4]。……
