李扬 盛科荣 卢超

摘要： 农业产业化是促进中国农业现代化的关键。本研究以2018-2019年中国农业龙头企业500强为例，运用泰尔指数、热点分析等方法，分析中国农业产业化发展区域差异，探讨其影响因素并提出相关政策建议。研究发现，中国农业产业化发展具有显著的区域差异，并且这种差异正在逐渐加剧，区域内差异是造成整体差异的主要原因;冷点、热点的分布格局相对稳定，呈现出集聚趋势;经济基础、人力资本、产业基础、开放程度、区位条件是造成农业产业化产生差异的重要因素。建议政府因地制宜地制定相关政策，强化不同地区农业资源间的组合开发，推进农业基础设施建设，积极探索开发与保护兼顾的可持续发展模式。

关键词： 农业龙头企业;农业产业化;区域差异;泰尔指数

中图分类号： F319.9 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1000-4440（2021）03-0763-09

Regional differences and influencing factors in the development of agricultural industrialization

LI Yang， SHENG Ke-rong， LU Chao

（School of Economics， Shandong University of Technology， Zibo 255012， China）

Abstract： Agricultural industrialization is an important way for promoting agricultural modernization in China. Taking China′s top 500 agricultural enterprises in 2018-2019 as examples， this paper analyzed the regional differences of China′s agricultural industrialization， discussed the influencing factors and put forward relevant policy suggestions by using Theil index， hot spot analysis and other methods. The results showed that there were significant regional differences in the development of agricultural industrialization in China， which were gradually increasing. The intraregional differences were the main reason for the overall differences. The distribution pattern of cold and hot spots were relatively stable and showed a tendency of agglomeration. Economic foundation， human capital， industrial foundation， degree of opening， location condition were the important factors that caused the difference of agricultural industrialization. It is suggested that the government formulate policies for the development of agricultural industrialization according to local conditions， strengthen the combined development of agricultural resources in different regions， improve the construction of agricultural infrastructure， and actively explore a sustainable development model that combines development and protection.

Key words： agricultural leading enterprise;agricultural industrialization;regional differences;Theil index

中國作为一个农业大国，人口众多，农村人口占比41.48%，粮食需求旺盛，因此，早在20世纪90年代，中国政府根据市场的需求和规律，为推动农业现代化进程，提出了农业产业化经营发展的新模式，其本质是仿照企业的生产、经营模式，进而形成具有市场特征的产业运营模式，且这种运营模式是以家庭经营为基础、以市场为准则，通过农业龙头企业逐渐实现生产经营一体化，并使农民和企业达到共赢的目的。近年来中国大力发展农业现代化，加速推进城乡一体化，进一步推动农业产业化发展已成为学术界广泛关注的热点问题。……