何颖成 徐冰峰

摘  要：提出创新思路，优化课程目标，重塑课程内容，根据教学内容定位主线、抓重点、分散难点、总结学生的疑问、引导学生学会解决问题，破解课程知识内容多、课时少的难题。从理论和工程应用两方面强调课程内容广度和深度，加大信息量，激发学习兴趣;将学术研究、科技发展前沿成果引入课程，科学“增负”，培养学生深度分析、自学能力，引导学生对复杂工程问题的探索，提升就业和执业能力，培养学生勇于创新的能力及严谨深入的治学精神。增加学习过程性考核的比重，全面评价学生的學习效果。

关键词：工程荷载与可靠度设计原理;重塑课程内容;创新教学方法

中图分类号：G642        文献标志码：A 文章编号：2096-000X（2021）15-0043-04

Abstract： This paper puts forward innovative ideas， optimizes the curriculum objectives， reshapes the curriculum content， according to the main line of teaching content， grasps the key points， disperses the difficulties， summarizes students' questions and guides students to learn to solve problems of more knowledge content and less class hours. The study not only emphasizes the breadth and depth of the course content from the aspects of theory and engineering application， but also increases the amount of information， stimulates the interest in learning. It introduces the cutting-edge achievements of academic research and scientific and technological development into the course， scientifically "increases the burden"， cultivates the students' ability of in-depth analysis and self-study， guides the students to explore complex engineering problems， improves the employment and practice ability， and cultivates the students' innovation ability and rigorous in-depth ability ， the spirit of learning. The proportion of learning process assessment and comprehensively evaluate the learning effect of students are increased.

Keywords： Engineering Load and Reliability Design Principle; reshaping course content; innovative teaching methods

随着后现代大学教育时代的到来，为教学的创新带来了机遇与挑战。本课程围绕创新教学的四大基本原理：知识建构性原理、能力实践性原理、创新挑战性原理及评价过程性原理[1]，结合自身特点进行教学创新尝试，树立课程建设新理念、推动课堂“革命”。

一、结合学情分析调整教学目标

（一）学情分析

本课程属于专业基础必修课，是土木工程专业重要的工程结构教学内容。课程的主要任务是掌握荷载的分类及重力、土压力、水压力、风荷载、地震作用、温度作用等重要荷载的概念、原理和计算方法，课程知识涉及土力学、钢结构设计、混凝土结构设计、高层建筑设计、工程抗震等多门专业课，内容多、概念多，内容跳动大，逻辑性不强，学生不易掌握，学习兴趣不浓。……