周国华 程筵寿 成亮 钟建军 叶陈育 王海蓉 叶金俊 程诗明

摘要 [目的]掌握遂昌县野生华重楼资源分布现状及生境特点，为开展其人工驯化栽培并促进可持续发展提供科学依据。[方法]采用实地走访、野外调查与统计分析相结合的方法，对遂昌县野生华重楼资源分布现状进行调查，并对华重楼生境特点与濒危原因进行分析。[结果]遂昌县华重楼在海拔347～1 068 m均有分布，平均分布海拔为697 m;分布地多为半阴坡，坡度在26°～38°，平均坡度为34°;分布地土壤偏酸性。毛竹林、油茶林、灌木林、古榧树林和竹阔混交林等林地条件下均有华重楼分布;在自然生境中，华重楼个体形态差异较大。[结论]华重楼喜阴，其野生群落数量与生境的海拔呈显著的正相关关系，人类活动对野生华重楼个体生长和种群繁衍有明显的负面影响。

关键词 华重楼;野生资源;调查;保护;遂昌县

中图分类号 Q-949.95  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）11-0155-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.11.043

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Investigation and Application Analysis of Wild Paris polyphylla Resources in Suichang County

ZHOU Guo-hua1， CHENG Yan-shou1， CHENG Liang2 et al

（1. Suichang Ecological Forestry Development Center， Suichang， Zhejiang 323300;2. Zhejiang Academy of Forestry， Hangzhou， Zhejiang 310023）

Abstract [Objective]To understand the resource distribution and habitat characteristics of wild Paris polyphylla in Suichang County， so as to provide scientific basis for its artificial domestication and sustainable development. [Method]The distribution of wild Paris polyphylla resources in Suichang County and the habitat characteristics and endangered reasons were investigated and analyzed by the methods of field visit， field investigation and statistical analysis. [Result]Paris polyphylla in Suichang County were distributed between 347-1 068 m above sea level， with an average distribution of 697 m;the distribution areas were mostly semi-shady slopes， with slopes ranging from 26°to 38°， with an average of 34°;the soil type of the distribution area was slightly acidic. The distribution of Paris polyphylla was found in moso bamboo forest， camellia forest， shrub forest， ancient torreya forest and bamboo-broadleaf mixed forest. In the natural habitat， the morphological differences among Paris polyphylla were significant. [Conclusion] Paris polyphylla prefers shade environment， the number of wild Paris polyphylla communities and the altitude of the habitat were significantly positively correlated， human activities have obvious negative effects on the individual growth and population reproduction of Paris polyphylla.

Key words Paris polyphylla;Wild resources;Investigation;Protection;Suichang County

華重楼（Paris polyphylla Sm.var.chinensis（Franch.）Hara）是百合科（Liliaceae）重楼属（Paris）多年生草本植物，别名七叶一枝花、灯台七、王孙、蚤休等[1]。华重楼的根状茎是传统的名贵中药材，具有清热解毒、消肿止痛、凉肝定惊等功效及抗癌功能，与云南重楼（Paris polyphylla Sm.var.yunnanensis（Franch.）Hand.-Mazz.）一同被《中华人民共和国药典》收录，为仅有的2种重楼药材正品[2]，重楼药材是云南白药、宫血宁、热毒清等著名中成药的一味主要原料。

浙江省是华重楼的重要原产地。近年来，药材市场对重楼的需求量逐年增大，价格持续上涨，而由于华重楼人工繁育技术不成熟，华重楼药材的供给长期依赖于对野生资源的采挖，这造成了野生华重楼资源破坏严重，蕴藏量急剧下降，浙江省内一些原生自然分布地已难觅其踪迹[3]。……