含腐殖酸水溶肥料在山核桃生产中的应用效果
2021-07-16陈正道刘晓霞杨艳
陈正道 刘晓霞 杨艳



摘要 以山核桃为试验材料,于2016—2018年在浙江临安开展含腐殖酸水溶肥料在山核桃生产中的应用效果研究。结果表明,与常规施肥相比,连续3年施用含腐殖酸水溶肥料能有效防治山核桃干腐病,其中叶片新病斑数平均降低46.2%,老病斑复发数平均降低21.1%;提高产量,平均增产7.1%;减少空籽数,空籽率平均降低32.6%;改良土壤,有机质含量提升26.2%,pH提高20.3%。综上,含腐殖酸水溶肥料能够增强山核桃抗病性、提高产量并改良土壤,对山核桃优质高效生产具有重要意义。
关键词 山核桃;含腐殖酸水溶肥料;干腐病;产量;土壤改良
中图分类号 S-664.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2021)11-0145-02
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.11.040
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Application Effect of Humic Acid Soluble Fertilizer in Carya cathayensis Production
CHEN Zheng-dao1, LIU Xiao-xia1, YANG Yan2
(1.Cultivated Land Quality and Fertilizer Management Station of Zhejiang, Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310020;2.Zhejiang Feng Yu Ecological Technology Co., Ltd., Pujiang, Zhejiang 322200)
Abstract Using Carya cathayensis as the test material, the application effect of humic acid soluble fertilizer in Carya cathayensis production was studied in Linan, Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2018. The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization, applying humic acid soluble fertilizer for three consecutive years could effectively control the canker of Carya cathayensis, the new leaf spots decreased by 46.2% on average, the recurrent diseases decreased by 21.1% on average.The yield increased by 7.1% on average. The rate of empty seeds decreased by 32.6% on average. The organic content increased by 26.2%, pH value increased by 20.3%. In summary, humic acid soluble fertilizer could enhance disease resistance, increase yield and improve soil, which had great significance to the high quality and efficiency production of Carya cathayensis.
Key words Carya cathayensis;Humic acid soluble fertilizer;Canker;Yield;Soil improvement
山核桃(Carya cathayensis)為胡桃科山核桃属落叶乔木,主要分布于我国浙皖交界的天目山地区[1]。山核桃具有较高的经济价值,其果仁富含营养物质,味美可食,用于榨油、配制假漆;果壳可制活性炭;木材坚韧防腐、纹理直,为优质用材[2-3]。近年来,山核桃产区干腐病普遍发生,导致产量与品质急剧下降,发病严重时可使植株死亡[4]。此外,管理过程中采取的措施不当,如清除林下杂草、灌木,大量施用化肥、农药和除草剂,造成林地土壤酸化、有机质含量降低、土壤养分平衡失调等[1,5-7]。上述因素严重制约了山核桃产业的发展,病害防治和林土提质已成为产业发展的关键。
含腐殖酸水溶肥料作为一种新型肥料目前被广泛应用于农业生产、土壤修复及环境保护等领域,其功能独特、作用明显、应用方便,具有提质增效、亲水抗逆等功效[8-9]。……
