李文峰 张晓慧 张书

摘要 [目的]筛选最佳浓度NAA“腰楼大葱”生根培养基，比较组培苗和非组培苗的优劣。[方法]以“腰楼大葱”茎尖为外植体材料，接种到不同浓度NAA生根培养基上，将获得的组培苗与非组培苗进行田间对比试验。[结果]生根壮苗最佳NAA浓度为0.10 mg/L;组培苗与非组培苗的直立叶数和老叶个数均存在显著差异;非组培苗的平均倒伏叶数为6.40片，组培苗仅有3.29片，且存在极显著差异。[结论]“腰楼大葱”组培苗商品性明显优于非组培苗。

关键词 大葱;组织培养;倒伏叶

中图分类号 S-633.1  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）11-0100-02

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.11.027

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Tissue Culture Technique and Field Comparative Study of ‘Yaolou scallion（Allium fistulosum）

LI Wen-feng， ZHANG Xiao-hui， ZHANG Shu

（Fuyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Fuyang， Anhui  236065）

Abstract [Objective] To select the best concentration of NAA ‘Yaolou scallion rooting medium， the advantages and disadvantages of tissue culture and non-tissue culture seedlings were studied. [Method] Shoot tips of ‘Yaolou scallionwere used as explants and cultured on different concentrations of NAA rooting medium. The tissue culture seedlings and non-tissue culture seedlings were compared in the field. [Result]The results showed that the optimum concentration of NAA was 0.10 mg /L， the number of erect leaves and the number of old leaves were significantly different between tissue-cultured and non-tissue-cultured plantlets， the average number of lodging leaves of non-tissue-cultured plantlets was 6.40， and that of tissue-cultured plantlets was only 3.29. There was a significant difference in the average number of lodging leaves between non-tissue culture seedlings and tissue culture seedlings. [Conclusion]The commercial quality of tissue-cultured plantlets was better than that of non-tissue-cultured plantlets.

Key words Allium fistulosum;Tissue culture;Lodging leaf

蔥起源于半寒地带，喜冷凉不耐炎热，原产自我国。我国各地广泛栽培，主要作为蔬菜食用，鳞茎和种子亦入药。葱可分为普通大葱、分葱、胡葱和楼葱。“腰楼大葱”为分葱，葱白为纯白色，具有叶色浓、辣味淡、品质佳的特点。栽培历史可上溯至明清时期，栽培地点紧邻阜阳市颍河河畔，土地肥沃，适宜大葱种植，家家户户不仅门前屋后都种植大葱，还有部分大户专业化种植大葱几十年，不仅行销周边地区，还远销至江苏、河南等地。除夏季外，“腰楼大葱”在初夏、秋季、初冬均可收获，是当地群众重要的经济收入来源。但是多年的种植，种苗携带的病菌逐渐增多，产量下降，品质降低，收益骤减。笔者以“腰楼大葱”为试材，对其茎尖进行组织培养及离体再生，以期为繁育出脱毒种苗提供基础。

1 材料与方法

1.1 试验材料 供试品种取自安徽省颍上县腰楼村大葱种植基地。……