刘琳

摘  要：幼儿期是生活自理能力形成的关键期。著名教育家陈鹤琴先生曾提出：“凡是儿童自己能做的，应当让他自己做。”《幼儿园教育指导纲要（试行）》中也明确指出：要培养幼儿具有基本的生活自理能力。生活自理，也就是自我服务，自己照顾自己。它是一个人应该具備的最基本的生活技能，包括独立进餐、自己洗脸、自己穿脱衣服、穿脱鞋袜、收拾玩具、整理衣服等。生活自理能力的培养，有助于培养幼儿的责任感、自信心以及自己处理问题的能力，为小学生活奠定坚实的基础，同时，提升教师的教育水平，引领家长转变理念，利于幼儿的成长。

关键词：幼小衔接;儿童;自理能力

【中图分类号】G610      【文献标识码】A         【文章编号】1005-8877（2021）36-0066-02

The Connection of Kindergarten and Primary Schools From the Beginning of Life Preparation and Independent Management

LIU Lin  （Whale Garden experimental kindergarten，Huancui District，Weihai City，Shandong Province，China）

【Abstract】Early childhood is the key period for the formation of self-care ability. Mr. Chen Heqin，a famous educator，once put forward that “whatever children can do by themselves，they should be allowed to do by themselves”. “Kindergarten education guidelines（for Trial Implementation）” also clearly pointed out： to cultivate children with basic self-care ability. Self-care means serving yourself and taking care of yourself. It is the most basic life skills that a person should have，including eating alone，washing their own face，putting on and removing clothes by themselves，putting on and removing shoes and socks，putting away toys，organizing clothes and so on. The cultivation of self-care ability helps to cultivate children’s sense of responsibility，self-confidence and ability to deal with problems by themselves，which lays a solid foundation for primary school life. At the same time，it improves the education level of teachers and leads parents to change their ideas，which is conducive to the growth of children.

【Keywords】Kindergarten;Children;Ability to care for

1.幼小衔接工作现状

初入学孩子的父母大多更重视孩子的智力教育，却往往忽视了孩子的生活自理能力的培养。目前，我国开始重视幼小衔接的重要性和必要性，但从整体来看，幼小衔接工作依旧存在着诸多问题。从9月新生入学的实际情况可以看出，许多孩子的身心在适应新的生活和学习环境方面出现了较大的困难，他们的认知兴趣迅速下降，自尊心、自信心不断减弱。具体表现为：丢三落四，今天文具袋不见了，明天铅笔不见了，特别是周一早上家长要来给孩子送物品;吃不饱饭，回家之后不知道今天学了什么内容;个别孩子哭闹不想上学;不会整理书包;放学不背书包，家长背。如此这般，做父母的的确很辛苦，可孩子的能力越来越弱了……