生鲜肉贮藏温度术语浅析
2021-07-11张德权陈丽侯成立
张德权 陈丽 侯成立



摘 要:肉类工业是第一大食品产业和国民经济支柱产业。生鲜肉占肉与肉制品生产与消费量的80%,而贮藏是生鲜肉消费最重要的环节,低温贮藏是生鲜肉贮藏的较优方法之一。根据贮藏温度不同,生鲜肉的贮藏可分为冷藏、冰温、超冰温、微冻、冻结/冻藏等,但一直以来概念混淆不清、温度范围模糊,影响了肉类生产和行业的规范运行。本文综述低温贮藏中冷藏、冰温、超冰温、微冻、冻结/冻藏的术语,旨在明晰其贮藏温度范围,为后续研究和生产提供参考。
关键词:生鲜肉;贮藏;低温;术语;温度范围
Review on Storage Temperature Terms for Fresh Meat
ZHANG Dequan, CHEN Li, HOU Chengli
(Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China)
Abstract: The meat industry has developed into the largest sector of the food industry and a pillar industry of the national economy. Fresh meat account for 80% of the total production and consumption of meat and meat products, and storage is the most important link of fresh meat consumption. Low temperature storage is one of the best methods for fresh meat storage. According to different storage temperatures, fresh meat storage fall into cold storage, ice temperature storage, supercooling storage, partial freezing, frozen storage, etc. However, the concepts are always confused with each other and the temperature ranges are ambiguously defined, adversely affecting meat production and regulated operation of the meat industry. In the present review, we summarize these storage terms and clarify the storage temperature ranges, with the aim to provide references for future research and production.
Keywords: fresh meat; storage; low temperature; terms; temperature ranges
DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20201118-267
中图分类号:TS251.4 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2021)05-0044-06
引文格式:
张德权, 陈丽, 侯成立. 生鲜肉贮藏温度术语浅析[J]. 肉类研究, 2021, 35(5): 44-49. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20201118-267. http://www.rlyj.net.cn
ZHANG Dequan, CHEN Li, HOU Chengli. Review on storage temperature terms for fresh meat[J]. Meat Research, 2021, 35(5): 44-49. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20201118-267. http://www.rlyj.net.cn
我国肉类总产量一直占世界总产量的1/4左右,连续30 年位居世界首位[1]。根据国家统计局数据,2020年我国肉类总产量7 639 万t,其中,猪肉产量4 113 万t、牛肉产量672 万t、羊肉产量492 万t、禽肉产量2 361 万t[2]。在我国肉与肉制品消费过程中,生鲜肉占我国肉类生产与消费量的80%左右[3],除即杀即食的热鲜肉外,2019年全国鲜、冷藏肉产量为2 817.5 万t[4],是生鲜肉生产和消费的主体。
生鲜肉被认为是最易腐烂的食物之一,在肉类生产的各个环节,如屠宰、分割、加工、贮藏、运输及消费过程中,生鲜肉因其丰富的营养成分极易受到微生物污染和其他环境因素的影响,从而导致腐败变质、变味、变色等[5]。微生物的滋生是影响生鲜肉货架期的重要因素,其在很大程度上受到贮藏温度的影响[6]。……
