杨婷 林志健 王雨 张冰 姜卓希 邹丽娜

摘要 目的：分析现有痛风相关体内外模型研究进展，为契合临床疾病特点的痛风病模型提出展望与思考。方法：通过近30年来相关文献整理，从造模方法、模型载体选择、造模原理及模型特点等方面分析现有痛风相关体内外模型，思考痛风病模型建立的切入点。结果：痛风相关模型主要为高尿酸血症模型、痛风性关节炎模型及尿酸性肾病模型，模型动物常用啮齿类及禽类动物，其造模方法以饮食或外源性药物诱导为主，模拟其高血尿酸、尿酸盐沉积及炎性反应等疾病表现。模型细胞常见尿酸代谢及炎性相关细胞，可直接反映其病理变化。结论：现有痛风相关模型较难契合临床痛风整体进展性特点，且诱导尿酸盐沉积模型相对缺乏，而鹌鹑与人类尿酸代谢途径相似，是建立痛风病模型的理想动物。

关键词 痛风;模型;研究进展;痛风病;思考

Research Progress of Gout Related Models and Thinking of Gout Disease Modeling

YANG Ting，LIN Zhijian，WANG Yu，ZHANG Bing，JIANG Zhuoxi，ZOU Lina

（School of Chinese Materia Medica，Beijing University of Chinese Medicine，Beijing 102488，China）

Abstract Objective：To analyze the research progress of existing gout related models in vivo and in vitro，and to put forward the prospect and assumption for shaping the gout disease model more in line with the clinical characteristics.Methods：According to the related literature sorted out in recent thirty years，the existing gout related in vivo and in vitro models were analyzed from the aspects of modeling method，model carrier selection，modeling principle and model characteristics，and the breakthrough point of gout model establishment was considered.Results：Gout related models were mainly hyperuricemia model，gouty arthritis model and uric acid nephropathy model.The rodents and poultry animals were commonly used in model animals，and the modeling methods were mainly induced by diet or exogenous drugs to simulate their manifestations such as high blood uric acid，urate deposition and inflammation reactions.Uric acid metabolism and inflammation related cells were common in model cells，which can directly reflect the pathological changes.Conclusion：The existing gout related models are difficult to fit the whole clinical progressive characteristics，and models for inducing urate deposition are relatively lacking.Quail has a similar metabolic pathway of uric acid to humans and is an ideal animal for establishing gout disease model.

Keywords Gout; Model; Research progress; Gout disease; Consideration

中圖分类号：R242文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.01.008

随着现代医学诊疗技术的先进发展，痛风及其相关疾病的认知正不断更新。2020年发表的《中国高尿酸血症与痛风诊疗指南（2019）》根据高尿酸血症患者关节及组织中有尿酸盐沉积的先进影像检查新发现，确认了高尿酸血症与痛风的病理连续过程，认识到高尿酸血症与痛风是相关联的一种疾病的不同阶段[1]，具有进展性特点。

国内现已有多种痛风相关研究的模型，分别为高尿酸血症模型，痛风性关节炎模型、尿酸性肾病模型。但现有模型仅表现单一病程，与临床痛风进展性发病特点存在差距，且在临床契合度、模型稳定性等方面仍有不足。……