基于层次分析法的牛奶包装容器选择
2021-06-30刘争号谢勇白海龙陈南宁
刘争号 谢勇 白海龙 陈南宁



摘要:通过建立牛奶包装容器选择评价指标,对五种常见牛奶包装的优劣进行量化评价,以期为牛奶包装容器提供有效改进意见。利用层次分析法结合国内外现有研究从机械性能、经济指标、环境指标以及消费者满意度多个维度对牛奶包装容器进行建模求解,通过一致性检验后,得出各项指标对牛奶包装容器选择的影响权重值。一级指标中的机械性能权重分最高,机械性能在包装容器选择中占据重要地位。五种候选容器中,易拉罐包装的综合评价分最高。借助层次分析法建立牛奶包装容器综合评价指标体系,为最优选择提供了理论依据。
关键词:牛奶包装容器;评价指标;层次分析法
中图分类号:TB48 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1400 (2021) 05-0045-07
Milk Packaging Material Selection Method on Analytic Hierarchy Process
LIU Zheng-hao, XIE Yong, BAI Hai-long, CHEN Nan-ning(College of Packaging and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou Hunan 412007, China)
Abstract: By studying the establishment of milk packaging material selection evaluation indicators, quantitative evaluation for five common milk packaging materials, in order to provide effective suggestions for improvement of milk packaging container. Using AHP combined with existing research at home and abroad to model and solve milk packaging materials from multiple dimensions of mechanical performance, economic indicators, environmental and consumer satisfaction, after passing the consistency test, various indicators are obtained Material selection influence weight value. The mechanical performance weight is the highest in the first-level indicators, and the mechanical performance occupies an important position in the selection of packaging materials. Among the five candidate materials, the comprehensive evaluation score of the can packaging is the highest. With the aid of analytic hierarchy process, the comprehensive evaluation index system of milk packaging materials is established, which provides a theoretical basis for the most optimal materials.
Key words: milk packaging container; evaluation index; analytic hierarchy process
近年来,随着人们健康意识的不断加强和对牛奶认识的加深,对牛奶的需求逐年递增[1]。牛奶包装容器作为奶源地向市场输送的“搬运工”,担任着保护牛奶不受二次污染、便于储运以及促进销售等角色。最初的牛奶包装是用玻璃瓶装好送给客户,科学技术的进步使得容器的种类剧增,为适应消费者的需求,出现了塑料瓶(HDPE、LDPE广口瓶以及PE塑料瓶)、纸质类包装(百乐宝、利乐包、屋顶盒)以及金属易拉罐等多种牛奶包装[2]。如何在种类繁多的容器中选择一种最合适的牛奶包装容器是一个重要研究课题。
1 研究概况
目前,国内外对于牛奶包装容器的选择大多数是基于环境的角度给予评价,生命周期法(Life Cycle Assessment,LCA)是最常用的手段之一,以牛奶包装容器的全生命周期所消耗的能量多少作为候选容器的优劣选择。……
