子女孩次性别结构与女性再生育
2021-06-22杨淑彩姜全保
杨淑彩 姜全保



摘 要:现有子女的孩次性别结构是影响女性再生育的重要因素。使用中国2000年人口普查数据和时期孩次性别递进生育指标对女性生育水平进行了测算。结果显示,女性普遍生育但终身只生育一个孩子的比例很大,基于孩次性别结构的生育行为体现了男孩偏好;城市和镇在生育第一孩时就存在性别选择;第一个孩子是女孩的女性生育二孩的可能性较大,且二孩是男孩的比例显著大于是女孩的比例;第一个孩子是男孩的城市和镇的女性大部分不再生育,而农村女性有很大比例会生育二孩,但几乎不存在性别选择。
采用某地区2019年的数据进行补充验证,同样发现:只有一个女孩的女性相比较只有一个男孩的女性生育者生第二孩的可能性要高很多,以上研究发现对当前二孩生育行为具有一定的启示意义。
关键词:生育水平;男孩偏好;孩次性别递进生育率;性别选择
中图分类号: C921 文献标识码: A 文章编号:1000-4149(2021)02-0027-18
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4149.2021.00.010
收稿日期:2020-03-27;修订日期:2020-10-15
基金项目:国家社会科学基金重大项目“人口普查质量评估理论创新研究”(15ZDB136)。
作者简介:杨淑彩,西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院博士研究生;姜全保,西安交通大学人口与发展研究所教授。
Number and Sex Composition of Children and the Next Birth:
An Analysis Based on Parity and Sex Progression Model
YANG Shucai1, JIANG Quanbao2
(1.School of Public Policy and Administration, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian
710049, China;
2.The Institute for Population and Development Studies, Xian
Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China)
Abstract: The number and sex composition of children a woman has are important factors that
affected the fertility of women. This present study used the parity and sex progression model, together with the Chinas 2000 population census data to analyze Chinas fertility. The results showed that, women generally gave birth
but a large proportion of women only gave birth to one child throughout their lives. The reproductive behavior reflected the son preference through the parity and sex of children a woman had. There was a certain first-birth sex selection among women in city and town. A large proportion of women continued to give birth after having a girl, and the child born was more likely to be a boy than a girl. While most women in city or town no longer gave birth after having a boy, a large proportion of women in village continued to give birth after having a boy, who had almost no sex selection.
This article used data from a certain region in 2019 and that women who have only one girl were much more likely to give birth than women who have only one boy. The analysis can obtain enlightment on the curreat second-child reploductive behavior.
Keywords:fertility;son preference;parity and sex progression model;sex selection
一、引言
中國的生育水平自20世纪70年代以来逐步下降,到90年代初期下降到更替水平以下。2000年和2010年普查数据显示中国的总和生育率分别为1.22和1.18。考虑到出生漏报和进度效应等因素,很多研究认为2000年以来中国的实际生育水平在1.5左右[1-5]。……
