张策 徐晓飞 初佃辉 谷松林 王峥

摘  要：首先对MOOC出现的客观性进行分析，指出MOOC构建起优质网络在线学习环境，对MOOC在线教学与传统课堂教学进行了对比。在分析得出MOOC是课程、教材与教学的综合体的基础上，阐释MOOC引发教学模式发生变革的同时，正在引发多维度、深层次的教学变革。剖析了MOOC与传统课堂教学融合发展的必然和趋势，着重对线上線下混合式教学模式进行阐述，对两种典型的翻转模式进行对比，进而从多个层面论述混合式教学的混合性。从实施的角度，指出混合式教学设计和组织的关键性，聚集效应成为期待。最后指出，开展基于MOOC的线上线下相结合的混合式教学颠覆了传统教学模式，是教学改革的主要方向，要在广泛的实践中去检验、完善和提高。

关键词：MOOC;课堂教学;线上线下混合式教学;翻转课堂;融合发展

中图分类号：G642 文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2021）06-0001-08

Abstract： This paper firstly analyzes the objectivity of the emergence of MOOC， which pointed out that MOOC builds a high-quality online learning environment. The online teaching of MOOC is compared with the traditional classroom teaching. On the basis of the analysis that MOOC is a combination of curriculum， textbook and teaching， the paper explains that MOOC is leading to a change in teaching mode， and at the same time， it is also causing a multi-dimensional and in-depth teaching reform. The necessity and trend of the integration development of MOOC and traditional classroom teaching is analyzed， focusing on the online and offline hybrid teaching mode. The two typical flipped modes are compared， and then the hybrid teaching from multiple aspects is discussed. From the perspective of implementation， it is pointed out the key to hybrid teaching design and organization， and the aggregation effect becomes expectation. Finally， the paper points out that MOOC-based hybrid teaching， which combines online and offline teaching， overturns the traditional teaching mode and is the main direction of teaching reform， and should be tested and improved in a wide range of practices.

Keywords： MOOC; classroom teaching; online plus offline blending teaching; flipped classroom; integration development

优质教学资源离不开网络共享，现代教学理念不能脱离网络环境，先进教学规律要适应时代特征。“互联网+”时代的到来宣布利用网络信息技术改造教学成为可能，学生学习方式和知识获取正在呈现网络化，这些表明教学信息化改革的条件和时机更加成熟。改革的重点是改变传统效能低下的教学模式，改革的目的是提高教学质量，培养学生的多方面创新能力。以MOOC（Massive Open Online Courses，中文译名为“慕课”）为代表的在线开放课程[1-4]的出现与发展已在我国高等教育领域引起了广泛关注[5]。在MOOC的起源地……