海昏侯玉佩中龙凤纹元素研究及运用
2021-06-20袁雅静



摘 要 以海昏侯墓龙凤纹样为研究对象,探讨汉代龙凤纹饰的特点。在中国玉器发展史中,汉代玉佩是一个不可忽视的巅峰时期,汉代玉佩超高的制造工艺水平和独特的文化审美水平受世人追捧,其中最具特色的便是龙凤纹相结合的玉佩。汉代玉佩龙凤纹样造型讲究精美,与先秦时期龙凤纹样造型相比而言,其更富有张力也更具有浪漫主义情怀。海昏候龙凤纹样玉佩造型及其艺术特征也对后世玉雕纹样图案的发展产生了深远的影响。
关键词 海昏侯;龙凤纹形玉佩;纹饰图样;文化蕴意
引用本文格式 袁雅静.海昏侯玉佩中龙凤纹元素研究及运用[J].创意设计源,2021(2):40-44.
Discussion on the Pattern Modeling of Haihun Houyu Pendant
Yuan YAjing
Abstract This paper takes the dragon and phoenix patterns in the tomb of Marquis haihun as the research object, and discusses the characteristics of dragon and phoenix patterns in Han Dynasty. The jade pendant in the Han Dynasty is a peak period in the development history of Chinese jade pendant. It has attracted worldwide attention for its unique cultural aesthetics and superb jade making technology. The most distinctive feature of Han Dynasty jade is the combination of dragon pattern and phoenix pattern. The shape of dragon and phoenix pattern of Han Dynasty jade is exquisite. Compared with the dragon and phoenix pattern of pre Qin period, it is more tensive and romantic. The shape and artistic features of the jade pendant with dragon and phoenix patterns in haihun have also had a profound impact on the development of jade carving patterns in later generations.
Key Words haihunhou;jade pendant with dragon and phoenix pattern;decorative pattern;cultural implication
中國玉佩文化自商周起至明清数千年从未间断。无论人类处于何样的文明,玉佩都是十分重要的装饰器物。从五六千年前钱塘江流域所发现的玉壁到红山文化举世闻名的 C 型玉龙,再到中国古代的各个封建王朝,都有着玉佩饰的身影。甚至到现在,人们依旧信奉着“君子无故,玉不去身”的古训。各朝各代的匠人们制作了风格迥异的各式玉佩饰,体现出不同时代的不同审美概念和不同文化含义,最终成就了中国特有的玉佩文化。
一、海昏侯墓玉佩龙凤纹样产生的文化背景和文化寓意
在汉朝,龙凤不但具有丰富多彩的外在形态,还蕴藏着独特的内在文化。汉代初期,信奉道家黄老思想,提倡无为而治,天人合一道法自然[1]。《易·乾卦》载:“云从龙”。云为水气,从龙以致雨。……
