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电动车减速器齿轮传递误差综合影响因素研究

2021-06-20史同杰岳贵平牛文博姜永顺1

汽车科技 2021年3期

史同杰 岳贵平 牛文博 姜永顺1

摘  要:本文主要针对电动汽车减速器齿轮传递误差影响因素开展研究。由于制造与安装误差、运行中受力变形以及齿面的微观修形等,齿轮不能在全齿面上共轭接触,齿轮啮合点会偏离理论啮合线一定距离,从而产生传动误差,成为齿轮振动噪声的主要激励源。本文以减速器斜齿圆柱齿轮为例,研究其传递误差影响因素,降低传递误差峰-峰值至0.1μm水平,并以某款电动车减速器一级齿轮副为例进行仿真优化及整车车内噪声验证。

关键词:传递误差;减速器;齿轮啸叫

中图分类号:U463.212    文献标识码:A    文章编号:1005-2550(2021)03-0059-06

Research on Gear Transmission Error Comprehensive Affecting Factors of Electric Vehicle Reducer

SHI Tong-jie1, 2, YUE Gui-ping1, 2, NIU Wen-bo1, 2, JIANG Yong-shun1, 2

(1. General R&D Institute of China FAW Group Co., Ltd., Changchun 130011, China;

2. State Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Technology on Automobile Vibration and Noise & Safety Control, Changchun 130011, China)

Abstract:This paper focuses on researching the influence factors of electric vehicle reducer gear transmission error. Due to multiple factors such as manufacturing, installation error, the mechanical deformation in the operation and gear tooth surface modification, gears can t be conjugated in the entire tooth contact surface. Gear mesh point will deviate from the theoretic meshing line a certain distance, resulting in transmission error, which becomes the main source of gear vibration and noise. This paper takes helical cylindrical gear of the reducer as an example to research the influence factors of gear transmission error, and reduces the transmission error peak-to-peak value to 0.1 μ m level. Finally the first gear pair of one e-drive reducer is optimized and applied on the vehicle to verify the noise performance improvement.

Key Words: Transmission Error; Gear Reducer; Gear Whine Noise

史同杰

畢业于吉林大学汽车工程学院,硕士研究生,现就职于中国第一汽车集团有限公司研发总院NVH研究所,电驱动系统NVH工程师,任中级工程师,已发表论文一篇。

引    言

减速器齿轮啸叫问题是电驱动系统主要噪声问题之一。失去了发动机的掩蔽效应,以及纯电动车NVH性能要求的不断提升,减速器齿轮啸叫噪声的要求日益严苛;另外由于目前纯电动车常用的单挡两级减速器,常用转速和扭矩范围较宽,需要兼顾各工况下的减速器噪声表现[1,2]。

齿轮传递误差是减速器总成噪声的主要激励来源,也是其产生啸叫问题的主要原因。从噪声源头出发降低齿轮传递误差激励,是控制齿轮啸叫噪声的关键[3,4]。本文采用精确、有效的方法,对影响齿轮传递误差的各方面因素进行计算研究,以最大限度的降低传递误差激励。……

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