蔡宝 朱文华 顾鸿良 刘赛

摘  要：虚拟现实是变革教学方法改善教学效果的重要手段和途径，尤其可应用在高等工程實践教育中。将虚拟现实技术融入工程实践教学中，使得传统的工程实践教学平台扩展为虚实结合、理实一体化、实践课程多层次的教学平台。阐述了虚拟现实关键技术中的立体成像原理及性能特点，建立了基于虚拟现实技术的工程实践课程体系，形成了层次化、模块化的虚拟现实工程实践课程，并在新冠疫情防控背景下尝试采用互联网+虚拟现实技术进行线上实践教学，取得了初步的教学成果。实践证明，虚拟现实技术能够克服传统工程实践教育的诸多不足，拓展了工程实践教育的教学理念。

关键词：虚拟现实;工程实践教育;立体成像原理;虚实结合

中图分类号：G640       文献标志码：A         文章编号：2096-000X（2021）03-0084-05

Abstract： Virtual reality is an important means to change teaching methods and improve teaching effect， especially in higher engineering practice education. By integrating virtual reality technology into the engineering practice teaching， the traditional engineering practice teaching platform is expanded to a multi-level teaching platform of virtual reality combination， theory reality integration and practice curriculum. The principle and performance of stereo imaging in the key technologies of virtual reality are described， and the course system of engineering practice based on virtual reality technology is established， what is more， a hierarchical and modular virtual reality engineering practice course has been formed， under the background of new crown prevention and control， we tried to use Internet plus virtual reality technology to carry out online practice teaching， and achieved initial teaching results. Practice has proved that virtual reality technology can overcome many shortcomings of traditional engineering practice education and expand the teaching concept of engineering practice education.

Keywords： virtual reality; engineering practice education; principle of stereo imaging; combination of virtuality and reality

引言

教育信息化是新时代教育改革的发展趋势和必然要求，国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（2010-2020年）中指明：信息技术对教育发展具有革命性的影响，必须予以高度重视[1]。虚拟现实（Virtual Reality，简称VR）作为近年来重点发展的热点技术，其沉浸性、交互性、想象力、多感知性的特点充分满足了教育现代化建设的需要，教育部自2013年开始认定虚拟仿真实验教学示范中心建设成果，目前国内诸多高校积极推进高等学校虚拟仿真实验室建设[2-3]。

张枝实[4]研究表明VR技术能协助学习者更好地应对未来教育所面临的学习环境、学习方式等挑战。……