赵晓燕

摘 要 目的：探讨血脂水平对儿童支气管哮喘发病的影响。方法：选取 94例支气管哮喘患儿作为观察组，另外选取同期接受体检的98例健康儿童作为对照组。根据临床哮喘分期标准将观察组患儿分为急性发作期和慢性持续期亚组，比较对照组和观察组、对照组与哮喘急性发作期组和慢性持续期组血脂水平的差异。采用Spearman相关分析探讨血脂与支气管哮喘发病的相关性。结果：观察组血低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）水平与对照组比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。血HDL水平，对照组明显高于哮喘急性发作期组和慢性持续期组（P<0.05），以急性发作期组最低；血TC水平，哮喘慢性持续期组明显高于对照组和哮喘急性发作期组（P<0.05），以急性发作期组最低；血LDL、TG水平在各组间比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。TG、TC水平与支气管哮喘发病率无相关性（P>0.05），LDL（r=0.365，P=0.031）、HDL（r=0.236，P=0.024）与支气管哮喘发病呈显著正相关。结论：血脂水平与儿童支气管哮喘发病有密切关系， 其中血LDL、HDL水平與支气管哮喘发病相关性较大。

关键词 血脂 支气哮喘 儿童发病 相关性

中图分类号：R725.6； R363.21 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2021）09-0046-03

Effect of blood lipids on the incidence of bronchial asthma in children

ZHAO Xiaoyan*

（Department of Pediatrics， the Peoples Hospital of Nanle County， Henan Puyang 457400， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To explore the effect of blood lipids levels on the incidence of bronchial asthma in children. Methods： A total of 94 children with asthma were selected as an observation group， which were subdivided into an acute attack subgroup and a chronic persistent subgroup based on their clinical asthma stage standard， and 98 healthy children who were examined at the same time were selected as a control group. The levels of blood lipids were compared among these groups and subgroups. The correlation between blood lipid levels and asthma onset were analyzed using Spearman correlation method. Results： There were no significant differences in the levels of low density lipoprotein （LDL）， high density lipoprotein （HDL）， triglyceride （TG） and total cholesterol （TC） between the two groups （P>0.05）. The level of HDL was significantly higher in the control group than the acute attack subgroup and the chronic persistent subgroup （P<0.05）， with the lowest in the acute attack subgroup； the level of TC was significantly higher in the chronic persistent subgroup than the control group and the acute attack subgroup （P<0.05）， with the lowest in the acute attack subgroup； there were no significant differences in the levels of LDL and TG among these groups and subgroups （P<0.05）. There was no correlation between TG and TC levels and the incidence of bronchial asthma onset （P>0.05）. LDL （r=0.365， P=0.031） and HDL （r=0.236， P=0.024） were positively correlated with the incidence of bronchial asthma. Conclusion： Blood lipid levels are closely related to the incidence of bronchial asthma in children， among which LDL and HDL levels are closely related to the pathogenesis of asthma.

KEy WORDS blood lipids； bronchial asthma； childhood onset； correlation

支气管哮喘是临床上常见的慢性氣道疾病，患者发病后以喘息、气短、胸闷等为主要病症。近年来临床观察到儿童支气管哮喘发病与肥胖具有密切的相关性，其中血脂代谢紊乱可增加哮喘的发病风险[1-2]。另一方面，有研究表明，限制支气管哮喘患者饮食中的能量摄入能够降低机体甘油三酯（triglyceride， TG）和血清胆固醇等血脂指标水平，从而改善患者支气管哮喘的病情，同时推测血脂与支气管哮喘的发展具有一定相关性[3-4]。本次研究探讨血脂对儿童支气管哮喘发病的影响，为临床医师在预测、治疗支气管哮喘患儿时提供参考，现报告如下。