赵大旺

内容摘要：在“中央研究院”等单位组织的西北史地考察团中，向达与劳榦、石璋如产生了矛盾冲突，前人从多方面对产生矛盾的原因有所解释。新近发现的劳榦敦煌考察期间致陈槃的两封信为向达与劳、石二人的关系提供了前人未予关注的细节，其中关于考察团内部分工的信息为解释向达与劳、石二人产生矛盾的原因提供新的视角。

关键词：西北史地考察团;敦煌;向达;劳榦;石璋如

中图分类号：K870.6  文献标识码：A  文章编号：1000-4106（2021）01-0110-08

Abstract：Within the ranks of the Northwest Historical and Geographical Expedition Team organized jointly by Academia Sinica and other institutions， there were a series of disagreements between Xiang Da and his colleagues Lao Gan and Shi Zhangru. The reason for these conflicts has been studied and explained from several different perspectives. Two newly discovered letters sent to Chen Pan by Lao Gan while the latter was conducting the expeditions contain important details about the relationship between the writer and his fellow archaeologists. Information regarding the division of work among the expedition team can provide valuable insight into the relations of the crew， as well as a new perspective for understanding the conflicts between the prominent members of the team.

Keywords：Northwest Historical and Geographical Expedition Team; Dunhuang; Xiang Da; Lao Gan; Shi Zhangru

20世纪40年代，“中央研究院”历史语言研究所等先后组织了两次西北考察活动，历史考古学方面的考察先后有劳榦、石璋如、向达、夏鼐、阎文儒等人参加，前人对向达、夏鼐的研究关注较多，而对劳榦、石璋如的敦煌考察没有引起足够的重视。劳、石二人的敦煌考察是西北史地考察团的重要工作内容，是40年代初敦煌考察热潮中不可忽视的内容。本文首先介绍考察团成员劳榦致陈槃的两封信函，根据信函内容探讨西北史地考察团的考察任务及其分工情况，并为理解向达与劳、石二人之间的矛盾提供新的视角。

一 劳榦致陈槃的两封信

关于劳榦、石璋如参加敦煌考察的情形，石璋如有相关的回忆资料，对敦煌考察期间工作内容有详细的介绍，二人的相关著述也反映了此次考察的成果，前人对二人的考察活动已有一些研究。本文不再具体探讨二人考察的具体过程，仅根据抗战时期出版的重庆版《益世报·文史副刊》中发现的劳榦在敦煌考察时期致陈槃的两封信，为学界提供关于西北史地考察团的细节。……