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浅析巫山桃花铁矿分层爆破

2021-06-15赵本均陈波

科技创新导报 2021年1期

赵本均 陈波

摘  要:目前国内外铁矿石开采理念是地上地下,高技术、高机械化、高产能、高性能和高可靠性,则更多的是关注开采成本。而铁矿的井下开采技术主要采用的有井下充填技术、深孔爆破技术、光面爆破技术。由于桃花铁矿矿层顶部伪顶平均厚度500mm,护顶矿平均厚度300mm,中下部矿石平均厚度2600mm,且各分层明显,采用常规爆破则会导致伪顶全部混入,废石混入率较高,且伪顶中含有少量的硫铁矿,影响该矿石的市场环境,为了解决这一问题,则对巫山桃花铁矿采用分层爆破。

关键词:巫山  桃花铁矿  分层爆破  品位

中图分类号:P618.31                         文献标识码:A                  文章编号:1674-098X(2021)01(a)-0003-03

Abstract: At present, domestic and foreign iron ore mining concept is above ground and underground, high technology, high mechanization, high productivity, high performance and high reliability, more attention is paid to mining cost. The downhole mining technologies of iron ore mainly include downhole filling technology, deep-hole blasting technology and smooth blasting technology. Due to the peach blossom iron ore seam false roof top 500 mm thick, on average, to protect the top 300 mm thick, on average, the lowest average thickness of 2600 mm, ore and the stratification, the conventional blasting leads to false roof with entirely, waste rock mixing rate is higher, and the false roof contains a small amount of pyrite, affecting the ore market environment. In order to solve this problem, layered blasting was used in Wushan Taohua iron mine.

Key Words:Wushan; Taohua Iron Mine; Layered blasting; Grade

充填技术是减少采空区塌陷和尾矿库所带来的安全环保等方面的风险,但其成本高,工艺相对复杂。深孔爆破技术主要是采用多段微差爆破方式进行开采,减少了事故的发生和飞石,提高了开采效益。光面爆破技术主要是通过炮眼的布置,一次性形成巷道轮廓相对清晰,对提高巷道成型质量有较高的提升[2-3]。

1  巫山桃花铁矿采矿

根据巫山桃花铁矿开采范围内的矿体埋藏条件,矿体倾角多在30°以内,矿体平均厚度为2.88m的缓倾斜、薄矿体。则采用的是矿体倾角20°~30°的矿体,采用浅孔电耙房柱采矿法进行回采;矿体倾角20°以下的矿体,则采用铲运机房柱采矿法进行回采[4]。

2  巫山桃花铁矿地质情况及分层爆破原因

2.1 巫山桃花铁矿地质情况

巫山桃花铁矿矿体主要受沉积环境和贺家坪背斜控制,为一长轴呈北东向的带状体。……

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