杨柳 张爽

【摘要】 目的：探究高效护理模式对肾病血液透析患者情绪及生活质量的影响。方法：回顾性分析2019年4月-2020年12月于本院进行血液透析治疗的64例慢性肾功能衰竭患者的临床资料，根据发病日期，分为常规护理组、高效护理组，每组32例。两组患者均正常接受血液透析治疗。常规护理组护理干预包括：健康知识介绍、膳食指导、护理、血压心率监测1次/d、血糖监测2次/d等。高效护理组护理干预包括：在常规护理基础上联合微笑训练、田园冥想、饮食干预及有氧运动练习。两组患者均进行21 d的周期性治疗。比较两组干预前后正负性情绪评分、生活质量评分、焦虑抑郁评分及并发症发生率。结果：干预后，两组正性情绪评分、生活质量评分均高于干预前（P<0.05），负性情绪评分、焦虑及抑郁评分均低于干预前（P<0.05）。高效护理组正性情绪评分、生活质量评分均高于常规护理组（P<0.05），负性情绪评分、焦虑及抑郁评分均低于常规护理组（P<0.05）。高效护理组并发症发生率低于常规护理组（P<0.05）。结论：高效护理模式具有提高血运、改善血管内皮细胞结构、提升肾上腺水平、提高机体免疫力、促神经兴奋等作用，能缓解腎病血液透析患者焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪，提高生活质量。

【关键词】 高效护理模式 肾功能衰竭 血液透析 情绪 生活质量

Retrospective Analysis of Effect of High-efficiency Nursing Model on Mood and Quality of Life of Patients with Kidney Disease Hemodialysis/YANG Liu， ZHANG Shuang. //Medical Innovation of China， 2021， 18（12）： -106

[Abstract] Objective： To explore the effect of high-efficiency nursing model on the mood and quality of life of patients with kidney disease hemodialysis. Method： The clinical data of 64 patients with chronic renal failure who underwent hemodialysis treatment in our hospital from April 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the date of onset， they were divided into routine care group and high-efficiency care group， 32 cases in each group. Both groups of patients received hemodialysis treatment normally. Nursing interventions in the routine nursing group included： health knowledge introduction， dietary guidance， nursing， blood pressure and heart rate monitoring 1 time/d， blood glucose monitoring 2 times/d， etc. Nursing interventions in the high-efficiency nursing group included： combined smile training， pastoral meditation， diet intervention and aerobic exercise exercises on the basis of routine nursing. Both groups of patients received 21-day periodic treatment. The positive and negative emotion scores， quality of life scores， anxiety and depression scores and the incidence of complications were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Result： After intervention， the positive emotion score and the quality of life score of two groups were higher than those of before intervention （P<0.05）， and the negative emotion score， anxiety and depression scores of two groups were lower than those of before intervention （P<0.05）. The scores of positive emotion and quality of life of the high-efficiency nursing group were higher than those of the routine nursing group （P<0.05）， the scores of negative emotion， anxiety and depression of the high-efficiency nursing group were lower than those of the routine nursing group （P<0.05）. The incidence of complications of the high-efficiency nursing group was lower than that of the routine nursing group （P<0.05）. Conclusion： High-efficiency nursing model has the effects of improving blood supply， improving the structure of vascular endothelial cells， enhancing the level of adrenal glands， improving immunity， promoting nerve excitement， etc， alleviating negative emotions such as anxiety and depression in patients with nephropathy hemodialysis and improving the quality of life.

[Key words] High-efficiency nursing model Renal failure Hemodialysis Mood Quality of life

First-authors address： Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Shenyang 110032， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.12.024

慢性肾功能衰竭是一种由肾脏病变形成的不可逆性代谢性疾病[1]。伴随近年饮食结构的转变、生活压力的增加，该病发病率逐年攀升且患者群平均年龄递减[2]。目前针对慢性肾功能衰竭的治疗多以血液透析、肾脏移植为主，前者较常见[3]。血液透析患者因长期接受透析治疗，导致食欲减退、蛋白降低、胃肠功能紊乱等并发症[4-5]，严重影响患者情绪，降低其生活水平。据研究表明，高效的护理干预可有效缓解肾病血透患者不良情绪[6]。对本院慢性肾功能衰竭血液透析治疗患者采取高效护理模式的临床资料进行回顾性分析，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法