刘琪芳 张磊 贾丽艳

摘  要： 学科竞赛作为高校培养创新创业新型人才的有效载体，客观公正评价其对大学生创新能力培养的作用具有重要意义。文章从思维、素质、成果、效益四个方面选取16项指标，建立三层立体评价指标体系，在利用层次分析法和变异系数法确定多层评价指标的主、客观权重的基础上，引入博弈论Nash均衡基本思想，优化并确定指标因素的综合权重。研究结果表明，该方法有效地抑制了主观或客观因素引起的评价影响，明确学科竞赛更有利于提升解决问题B15、团队协作B22、沟通协调B23等方面的能力，指出了高校人才创新能力培养的新目标。

关键词： 学科竞赛; 层次分析法; 变异系数法; 博弈论; 创新能力评价

中图分类号：G645          文献标识码：A     文章编号：1006-8228（2021）01-68-04

Research on evaluation of the cultivation of discipline competition on college students'

innovation ability based on comprehensive weight of game theory

Liu Qifang1， Zhang Lei1， Jia Liyan2

（1. College of Information Science and Engineering， Shanxi Agricultural University， Jinzhong， Shanxi 030801， China;

2. College of Food Science and Engineering， Shanxi Agricultural University）

Abstract： Discipline competition is an effective carrier for cultivating innovative and entrepreneurial new talents in universities， an objective and fair evaluation of its role in cultivating innovation ability of college students is extremely important. This paper selects 16 indicators from four aspects of thinking， quality， results and benefit to establish a three-level three-dimensional evaluation index system. On the basis of determining the subjective and objective weights of multi-level evaluation indexes by using analytic hierarchy process and coefficient of variation method， Nash equilibrium idea of game theory is introduced to optimize and determine the comprehensive weight of index factors. The results show that this method can effectively suppress the influence on evaluation caused by subjective or objective factors， and make clear the discipline competition is more conducive to improving the abilities of problem solving B15， team cooperation B22， communication and coordination B23， etc.， which points out the new goal of talent innovation ability training in colleges and universities.

Key words： discipline competition; analytical hierarchy process; variation coefficient method; game theory; innovation ability evaluation

0 引言

高校学科竞赛是落实高校质量建设要求、培养创新人才、提高创新意识的重要渠道与手段之一，对大学生创新能力的评价研究属于多属性复杂性问题[1-2]。张鑫等学者利用层次分析法与MFCE法对创新创业能力水平进行综合评价并提出实施意见[3]。陈亚琼等学者以FAHP方法针对理工科类大学生创业能力开展指标体系与模糊综合评价[4]。吴婷等学者借助专家意見的层次分析法，实现大学生创新能力评价指标的重要程度确定[5]。权重作为评价类研究的重要指标，单一方法决定属性权重必将导致评价的片面性。因此，本文提出以层次分析法与变异系数法分别对学科竞赛创新能力评价系统中存在相互联系和相互制约的多因素复杂事物进行分析，构建独立基础权重集。……