发展农村电商打赢精准脱贫攻坚战
2021-04-29吴婷



摘要 运用具有代表性和针对性的8个省(市)的入户调查数据,展开理论探讨和实证研究。结果表明:首先,从多维贫困的视角看,当前农村精准脱贫工作具有一定的复杂性,扶贫工作的瞄准率相对较低,存在较为严重的漏出问题;其次,发展农村电商能够通过内生赋能机制有效地改善贫困人口的多维贫困状况,但贫困户从事电商时面临诸多特殊的困境,这需要政府给予相应的政策扶持,从而实现“六个精准”;第三,在有效的政策的支持下,发展农村电商要素禀赋较差的地区同样可以跨越发展门槛实现内生性精准脱贫。
关键词 精准脱贫;农村电商;多维贫困;内生赋能机制
中图分类号 S-9;F32文献标识码 A文章编号 0517-6611(2021)07-0215-05
Abstract Uses representative household survey data from 8 provinces to carry out theoretical discussion and empirical research. The research shows that: first of all, from the perspective of multidimensional poverty, the current rural targeted poverty alleviation is complex, the targeted rate of poverty alleviation work is relatively low, and there are serious leakage problems. Secondly, the development of rural ecommerce can effectively improve the multidimensional poverty situation of the poor population through the endogenous empowerment mechanism, but the poor households are faced with many special difficulties when engaged in ecommerce, which requires the government to give corresponding policy support, so as to realize the “six precision”. Thirdly, with the support of effective policies, regions with poor factor endowment of developing rural ecommerce can also cross the development threshold to achieve endogenous targeted poverty alleviation.
Key words Targeted poverty alleviation;Rural ecommerce;Multidimensional poverty;Endogenous empowerment mechanism
作者簡介 吴婷(1987—),女,山东德州人,副教授,博士,从事收入分配及贫困问题研究。
长期以来贫困是世界各国面临的共同挑战。新中国成立初期,我国处于普遍贫困状态,改革开放以来,我国的扶贫实践经历了从救济式扶贫、开发式扶贫到精准扶贫的改革过程[1],贫困瞄准经历了从区域瞄准到县域瞄准、再到贫困村和贫困户精准瞄准的演变。新中国成立70年来,我国扶贫事业取得了巨大的成就,中国成为世界上首个实现联合国千年发展目标的国家,减少的贫困人口占全球减少贫困人口的71.8%。党的十九大报告进一步指出确保到2020年我国现行标准下农村贫困人口实现脱贫,贫困县全部摘帽,解决区域性整体贫困,做到脱真贫、真脱贫,打赢精准脱贫攻坚战迫在眉睫。……
