刘兵兵 苏国贤

摘    要：2020年全面实现精准扶貧目标后，乡村振兴战略的持续实施，为“三农”的现代化发展提供了契机，也提出了新的发展要求。农业生产效率一直是“三农”高质量发展的重要保证，为了加快偏远山区农业现代化进程，本研究基于新时期乡村振兴战略下新农业的发展，从经济效益、社会效益和生态效益角度选取相关分析指标，运用DEA模型对2018年吕梁山区13个区县的农业生产综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率进行测算。实证结果表明，吕梁山区农业生产效率整体偏低，城镇化、机械化与农作物总播种面积对各生产要素的综合利用效率存在显著影响。对此，应在乡村振兴战略的支持下，根据各地区农业发展现状因地制宜的扩大农业生产要素投入规模，提高科技化发展水平，强化生产经营现代化、专业化，不断提高现代农业的生产效率。

关键词：乡村振兴;吕梁山区;DEA模型;农业生产效率

中图分类号：F323.5          文献标识码：A         DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.03.007

Research on County Agricultural Production Efficiency from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization

—Taking Lyuliang Mountain Area of Shanxi Province as an Example

LIU Bingbing， SU Guoxian

（College of Agricultural Economics and management，Shanxi Agricultural University，Taigu，Shanxi 030800，China）

Abstract： After the goal of targeted poverty alleviation is fully realized in 2020， the sustainable implementation of rural revitalization strategy provides opportunities for the modernization of agriculture， rural areas and farmers， and also puts forward new development requirements. Agricultural production efficiency has always been an important guarantee for the high-quality development of agriculture， rural areas and farmers. In order to speed up the agricultural modernization process in remote mountainous areas， based on the development of new agriculture under the strategy of rural revitalization in the new period， the paper selected relevant analysis indexes from the perspective of economic， social and ecological benefits， and applied DEA model to the comprehensive and pure technical efficiency of agricultural production in 13 districts and counties in Lyuliang Mountain Area in 2018. The results showed that the agricultural production efficiency in Lyuliang Mountain area was low as a whole， and urbanization， mechanization and total planting area of crops had significant influence on the comprehensive utilization efficiency of each production factor. Therefore， with the support of the strategy of rural revitalization， the scale of input of agricultural production factors should be expanded according to the current situation of agricultural development in various regions according to local conditions， the level of scientific and technological development should be improved， the modernization and specialization of production and management should be strengthened， and the production efficiency of modern agriculture should be improved continuously.

Key words： rural revitalization; Lyuliang mountain area; DEA model; agricultural production efficiency

农业作为国民经济的基础性产业，自建国以来，从解决全国人民的温饱问题到迈向现代化农业，取得了举世瞩目的成就。但在现代化建设过程中，农业生产仍存在资源利用率、产出率低、可持续发展缓慢的问题，严重制约着乡村振兴战略目标的实现。在党的十九大提出的建设社会主义现代化强国的目标中，尽快补齐农业现代化的短板、提高农业机械化、技术科学化、产业化和信息化水平，成为新时期振兴乡村的重要策略[1]。……