王晨

摘要：经济社会的快速发展，对畜牧养殖业的发展能力和水平提出了更高的标准和要求，规模化畜牧养殖是适应经济社会发展要求的必然结果，规模化养殖可以极大的提高养殖的经济效益，但是也会产生潜在的生态环境问题。本文根据现有研究资料，再介绍国内规模化畜牧养殖发展情况的前提之下，详细阐述了规模化畜牧养殖生态环境的负面影响，认为主要体现在自然水体、土壤环境、大气污染和生态威胁这3个方面上。最后就规模化畜牧养殖生态环境影响的解决策略，提出了相应的对策建议，提出加强规模化养殖户或企业生态环境教育等建议。通过研究，希望能够对规模化畜牧养殖的规范和生态保护提供一些帮助和啟示。

关键词：规模化  畜牧养殖  生态环境  影响  对策

Discussion on the Impact of Large-scale Animal Husbandry on Ecological Environment

WANG Chen

（Heilongjiang Agricultural Engineering Vocational College， Harbin， HeilongjiangProvince，150088China）

Abstract：The rapid development of economy and society puts forward higher standards and requirements for the development ability and level of animal husbandry. Large scale animal husbandry is the inevitable result of meeting the requirements of economic and social development. Large scale animal husbandry can greatly improve the economic benefits of aquaculture， but it will also produce potential ecological and environmental problems. Based on the existing research data and on the premise of introducing the development of large-scale animal husbandry in China， this paper expounds in detail the negative impact of large-scale animal husbandry on the ecological environment， which is mainly reflected in three aspects： natural water body， soil environment， air pollution and ecological threat. Finally， the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to solve the impact of large-scale animal husbandry on the ecological environment， and some suggestions are put forward to strengthen the ecological environment education of large-scale farmers or enterprises. Through the research， we hope to provide some help and Enlightenment for the standardization and ecological protection of large-scale animal husbandry.

Key Words：Large scale; Animal husbandry; Ecological environment; Influence; Countermeasure

我国畜牧业在发展的过程中，与传统的商品经济发展密切相关，建国以后的畜牧业发展除了国有农场之外，几乎都是家庭个人养殖模式。受制于土地管理政策的影响，土地资源在开发利用的过程中受到很多限制，尤其是在东部沿海地区，这种限制更加明显。90年代后期到本世纪初，尤其是土地流转政策出台以后，土地资源的开发利用更加灵活，在这种情况下规模化养殖户或养殖企业也开始逐渐的出现[1]。

1规模化畜牧养殖的内涵和发展状况

1.1规模化畜牧养殖的内涵

规模化畜牧养殖是相对于传统的小农经济时代的畜牧养殖方式而言的。……