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新时期露天矿山的生态修复技术应用

2021-04-17郭玉娟杜丹关健

科技创新导报 2021年33期
关键词:生态修复技术应用建议

郭玉娟 杜丹 关健

摘要:露天开采的建材类矿产是关系我国经济发展的重要大宗矿产资源之一。近30年来,建材类矿产资源的大规模开发利用,有力地支撑了基础设施建设和经济社会的飞速发展。矿产资源开发具有积极和消极两个方面的影响,首先其在促进经济社会发展的同时,也会对周围的环境产生产生不同程度的污染和破坏,同时也会产生区域发展出现衰退的情况,因为矿产资源开发大多是粗放型的,因此其会严重影响周围的环境,此外生态环境的破坏又会对矿产资源的开发产生一定的制约,所以如果在矿产资源进行科学开发的基础之上实现环境的保护,实现开发与保护和谐发展,是亟待解决的问题。

关键词:露天矿山 生态修复 技术应用 建议

Study on Prevention and Control of Mine Geological Disaster and Ecological Environment Restoration

GUO Yujuan12  DU Dan12  GUAN Jian12

(1.Henan Natural Resources Monitoring Institute,Zhengzhou ,Henan Province,450016 China;2.Henan Key Laboratory of Geological Hazard Prevention and Control,Zhengzhou ,Henan Province,450016 China)

Abstract: Open-pit mining of building materials minerals is one of the important bulk mineral resources related to China's economic development. In the past 30 years, the large-scale development and utilization of building materials mineral resources has strongly supported the rapid development of infrastructure construction and economic society. Mineral resources development has a positive and negative two aspect effect, its first in promoting economic and social development at the same time, also can produce different degree of the surrounding environment pollution and destruction, at the same time also can produce a decline in regional development, because most of mineral resources development is extensive, so it will seriously affect the surrounding environment, In addition, the destruction of the ecological environment will have certain constraints on the development of mineral resources, so if the scientific development of mineral resources on the basis of environmental protection, to achieve the harmonious development of development and protection, is an urgent problem to be solved.

Key Words: Open-pit Mine; Ecological Restoration;Technical application;Proposal

隨着我国社会经济的迅速发展,我国矿产资源行业也得到了非常迅速的发展,截止2018年,我国已经发现的矿产资源就达到了173种,其中探明储量的矿种从最开始的十几种扩大到162种之多,使得我国成为了全国最大的矿产品生产国。近些年随着经济的高度发展,对矿产资源的需求量也在不断提高,因此矿产资源的开采量也在不断加大,在产生较大产量的同时也带来了一些问题,矿产开发给当地生态环境产生了很大的破坏,并且因其了一系列的身生态问题。

1矿山生态环境问题

1.1地貌形态破坏问题

露天矿产资源的开采会对地表以及地下岩土层产生不同程度的扰动,因此对于新建的矿山,首先要做的就是对开采区域开展表土分离工作,并且将剥离好的表土科学存放在排土场区域。……

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