杨亚格 孙林辉 吴升林 代宗

摘 要：操作运动的输出能力是人-机系统作业中，人通过操作自己的肢体完成各项人机交互活动的能力。不同年龄、不同工种矿工的工作岗位和工作环境不同，故其操作运动输出能力也不同。为了解矿工操作运动输出能力与其事故倾向性是否存在影响关系，进而为煤矿生产一线的安全管理提供依据。应用了镜画仪、手指稳定性仪、秒表等仪器对1 015名矿工的操作动作输出能力进行测评，并选取近一年内矿工的受伤次数作为事故倾向性的评定标准，进而研究变量之间的影响关系。发现随着年龄的增加，矿工的动作输出能力显著下降;动作输出能力与工种无关，是一个普适性的指标。结果表明，矿工的操作运动输出能力可作为评价矿工事故倾向性的重要参考指标，煤矿企业在进行安全生产评估时，应将矿工的操作运动输出能力作为一项重要指标进行测评，加强矿工操作运动输出能力的训练可保证煤矿安全生产管理水平不断提升。

关键词：人因工程;实验方法;矿工;操作运动输出能力;事故倾向性

中图分类号：F 273

Abstract：Operating movement output capacity is a very important information processing ability in humanmachine system.Miners of different ages and different types of work have different jobs and working environments，so their operational output capabilities are also different.This paper tries to find out the influence between operational movement output capacity and accident proneness so as to provide a basis for the safety management of the coal mine production line.Mirror drawing instrument，finger stabilization instrument，stopwatch and other instruments were used to evaluate the operation output ability of 1015 miners，and the number of injuries of miners in the past year was selected as the evaluation standard of accident tendency，and then the influence between variables was studied.It is found that with the increase of age，the miners movement output ability decreases significantly;the movement output ability has nothing to do with the type of work，and it is a universal indicator.The results show that：Operational movement output capacity is a very important reference index in coal mine production safety assessment and should be taken seriously.Strengthening the training of miners operational movement output capabilities can ensure the continuous improvement of coal mine safety production management.

Key words：human factors engineering;experimental method;miner;operational movement output capacity;accident proneness

0 引言

事故频发倾向是一种人因性格特征。多数支持者都把它看作是一种独立存在的人格状态，并不是由某个特定事件或者某种特定环境所引发，而是天生固有的，或由一生的经历所定型的性格特征。事故频发倾向会使从业者卷入事故之中，成为引发事故的诸因素之一。现代事故理论认为，事故的发生既可能是单因素的，也可能多因素的。……