王冰清 罗鄂湘

摘 要：为了探究知识产权保护与我国高技术产业两阶段创新效率的关系，文中运用DEA方法对我国2009—2016 年29个省市的高技术产业两阶段创新效率进行测算，同时运用Tobit回归模型分析了知识产权保护对高技术产业两阶段创新效率的影响。研究发现，我国高技术产业创新两阶段效率存在着区域特征，可以通过聚类分析划分为3类;知识产权保护对技术开发阶段创新效率存在抑制作用，对经济转化阶段创新效率作用不显著。技术开发阶段，知识产权保护促进高创新效率地区创新效率提升，而对低创新效率地区存在抑制作用。知识产权保护对低创新效率的经济开发效率有显著正向作用。结果表明：知识产权保护对不同地区高技术产业两阶段创新效率的作用存在着差异，且在高创新效率地区其正向促进作用更强。

关键词：技术创新;知识产权保护;创新效率;数据包络分析;聚类分析;高技术产业

中图分类号：F 223

Abstract：To explore the relationship between intellectual property rights protection and the twostage innovation efficiency of Chinas hightech industry，DEA method was used to calculate the twostage innovation efficiency of Chinas hightech industry in 29 provinces and cities from the year of 2009 to 2016.Tobit regression model was also used to analyze the impact of intellectual property protection on the twostage innovation efficiency of hightech industry.It is found that the twostage efficiency of hightech industry innovation in China shows regional characteristics，which can be divided into three categories by cluster analysis.Intellectual property rights protection has a negative effect on innovation efficiency in the stage of technology development，but has no significant effect on innovation efficiency in the stage of economic transformation.In the stage of technology development，the protection of intellectual property rights promotes the improvement of innovation efficiency in regions with high innovation efficiency，and inhibits the improvement of innovation efficiency in regions with low innovation efficiency.Intellectual property protection has a significant positive effect on the economic development efficiency with low innovation efficiency.The results show that the effects of intellectual property protection on the twostage innovation efficiency of hightech industries in different regions are different，and the positive promotion effect is stronger in the regions with high innovation efficiency.

Key words：technological innovation;intellectual property protection;innovation efficiency;DEA;cluster analysis;hightech industry

0 引言

高技術产业作为我国战略性支柱产业，是引领产业创新驱动转型升级的重要战略选择。2019年国家统计局国民经济核算显示，我国高技术制造业增加值同比增长8.8%，其增速比规模以上工业高3.1个百分点。在我国高技术产业蓬勃发展的同时，也展现出了地区不平衡性。根据国家科学技术部历年发布的《中国高技术产业发展状况分析》可知，近年来，我国东部地区高技术产业R&D经费投入远高于中西部地区，是全国高技术产业R&D经费投入的主要组成部分。……