个人碳账户建设的三方演化博弈分析
2021-04-12吕靖烨范欣雅
吕靖烨 范欣雅



摘 要:“蚂蚁森林”是支付宝平台推出的一种个人碳账户,它的行为主体包括了企业组织、政府、用户、环境。应用演化博弈的方法,选取了其中三个主要行为主体即政府、企业组织和用户,建立个人碳账户建设中的三方演化博弈模型,通过复制动态方程分析三方参与主体的演化稳定策略,并运用数值仿真分析进一步验证博弈研究。研究结果表明,政府支持和企业运行都会影响用户是否使用“蚂蚁森林”,从而影响用户运行个人碳账户,但得到政府支持对于建设“蚂蚁森林”项目、建设个人碳账户更为重要。通过研究这一博弈,进一步了解个人碳账户建设中不同行为主体的行为过程,其中政府具有关键的引导与支持作用,在此基础上各方还需协作并行,以推动我国个人碳账户的建设。
关键词:产业经济;“蚂蚁森林”;演化博弈;复制动态方程;个人碳账户
中图分类号:F 224
Abstract:“Ant Forest” is a kind of personal carbon account launched by Alipay platform.The main actors of “Ant Forest” include business organizations,governments,users,and the environment.This paper applies evolutionary game method,selects three main actors,namely government,enterprise organizations and users,to establish a threeparty evolutionary game model in the construction of personal carbon accounts,analyzes the evolutionary stability strategy of the threeparty participants by replicator dynamic equations,and further validates the game using numerical simulation study.The research results show that both government support and enterprise operation can influence whether users use ant forest,thus affecting whether users run personal carbon accounts.However,government support is more important for the construction of “ant forest” project and personal carbon accounts.Studying the game can help governors understand the behavior process of different actors in the construction of personal carbon account,in which the government plays a key role of guidance and support.On this basis,all parties need to cooperate and parallel in order to promote the construction of personal carbon account in China.
Key words:industrial economics;ant forest;evolutionary game;replicator dynamic equation;personal carbon account
0 引言
碳排放權交易是各国或各地区推出的一种市场机制,目的是为了促进二氧化碳的减排工作,也就是把二氧化碳视为一种商品,对其排放权进行交易。《巴黎协定》是继《京都议定书》后第二份有法律约束力的气候协议[1]。在此大背景下,任何经济体的发展都面临低碳转型的重大压力[2-3]。我国碳市场发展起步较晚,在“十二五”规划时才明确提出了建立全国统一碳市场的目标,即利用市场机制来控制碳排放、推动我国经济低碳发展转型的制度创新[4]。2017年,国家发改委正式宣布启动碳排放权交易体系,意味着全国统一碳交易市场即将推出,我国碳市场即将成为全球最大的碳交易系统。……
