APP下载

商业孵化中的资源/能力聚合与竞争优势形成机制:来自硅谷Y Combinator案例的启示

2021-04-06张化尧金波乐颖徐敏赛

上海管理科学 2021年1期

张化尧 金波 乐颖 徐敏赛

摘 要: 当前我国创业孵化的低成功率问题,显示了对国际成功的商业孵化机制进行经验借鉴的重要现实意义。研究采用创业生态系统的分析思路,从动态能力的视角,对硅谷Y Combinator(YC)的孵化机制进行了研究,以期为我国的商业孵化改进提供借鉴。研究揭示了商业孵化中资源/能力聚合作用下的知识学习机制和实质性能力实现机制,其中来自孵化器的资源支持作用对项目进行后续的资源整合与市场位势、实质性能力的获得具有核心作用,是孵化高成功率的根源。研究结论对推动我国创业孵化明确改进方向、提高创业孵化效率具有指导意义,同时对动态能力在创业领域的应用及商业孵化机制的理论发现具有促进意义。

关键词: 商业孵化器;创业生态系统;创业资源;动态能力;平台效应

Abstract: The low success rate of entrepreneurship incubation in China shows the importance in drawing lessons from international mature business incubation mechanisms. In this study, the Incubation Mechanisms of Y Combinator (YC) in Silicon Valley was studied from the perspective of dynamic capabilities, using the analysis of entrepreneurial ecosystem to provides enlightenments for the improvement of business incubation in China. The research reveals the knowledge learning and substantial capability formation mechanisms under the effect of resource/capability aggregation in business incubation. Among them, resource support from incubator plays a key role in resource integration, market position and substantive capability acquisition, which is the root of high success rate in incubation. The research has guiding significance for promoting Chinas entrepreneurship incubation in adjusting the direction of improvement and improve the efficiency of entrepreneurship incubation. It also promotes the application of dynamic capabilities theory in the field of entrepreneurship and the theoretical discovery of business incubation mechanism.

Key words: business incubator; entrepreneur ecosystem; entrepreneur resources; dynamic capabilities; platform effects

在“大眾创业,万众创新”的时代背景下,各地政府大力支持科技孵化,但孵化成功率却很低,如全国孵化器内创业成功率一般在5%左右 ,而以色列早在十年前整体孵化存活率就超过了50%,被国内投资家们称为“硅谷一号店”的全球最大商业孵化器(Y Combinator,简称YC)孵化成功率更是高达75%,如此悬殊的孵化成功率差距,说明对商业孵化的深入研究具有重大现实意义。

国外一般从创业生态系统角度来研究创业孵化的成功率问题,认为孵化器在对新项目的支持中起到了创业资源的平台聚合作用,能有效提高创业孵化成功率。而我国的……

登录APP查看全文