张其海，邵 娴，朱翠翠，李 京，庄舒琪，李佳玉，夏芷晴，季 帅

(徐州医科大学药学院，江苏 徐州 221004）

甘草属于蝶形花科甘草属植物,又名甜草根、粉草、灵通、国老等。甘草具有悠久的药用历史,享有“十方九草、众药之王” 的美誉。2020 年版《中国药典》 收录乌拉尔甘草、胀果甘草以及光果甘草的干燥根及根茎作为甘草药材的主要来源,目前在中国市场上以乌拉尔甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensisFisch.为主［1］。甘草具有传统功效以及治疗呼吸道感染、胃溃疡、糖尿病、祛斑美白等现代临床应用［2-3］。甘草中成分主要分为三萜皂苷、黄酮糖苷以及黄酮苷元3 大类,其中三萜皂苷和黄酮糖苷在甘草中含量较高,目前研究较多［4-5］。甘草中的黄酮苷元类成分大多含有异戊烯基取代基(异戊烯基黄酮),被报道具有显著的抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化等药理活性,然而,该类成分在甘草中的含量较低,目前研究较少［6-7］。鉴于此,本实验采用现代多种色谱分离方法及结构鉴定技术,对乌拉尔甘草中的异戊烯基黄酮类成分进行系统研究,以期为建立该药材的多指标质量控制方法及其药效物质基础研究奠定基础,共分离得15 个化合物,其中,化合物11～13、15 为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物2～5 为首次从甘草属植物中分离得到。

1 材料

Agilent 1290 半制备高效液相色谱仪(美国安捷伦公司)；JNM-ECZ400S 核磁共振仪(日本Jeol公司)；冷冻干燥机(美国Labconco 公司)；柱层析用硅胶 (100～200 目,青岛海洋化工有限公司)；Sephadex LH-20 葡聚糖凝胶 (美国GE 公司)；柱层析用聚酰胺(100～200 目,江苏长丰化工有限公司)；GF254硅胶薄层板(安徽良臣硅源材料有限公司)；RE-20000A 旋转蒸发仪(上海亚荣生化仪器厂)；WFH-203B 暗箱紫外分析仪(杭州齐威仪器有限公司)；色谱纯甲醇(美国JT Baker公司)；乙腈(色谱纯,美国JT Baker 公司)；其他试剂均为分析纯。

实验药材于2019 年6 月购自甘肃省兰州市,由徐州医科大学药学院季帅副教授鉴定为蝶形花科甘草属植物乌拉尔甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensisFisch.的干燥根及根茎,标本(L-201903) 保存于徐州医科大学药学院。

2 提取与分离

取样品干燥根及根茎10 kg,粉碎后用95%乙醇浸泡过夜,加热回流提取3 次(2 h/次),过滤后合并滤液,浓缩得到浸膏。将浸膏用水混悬后依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯各萃取3 次,得乙酸乙酯部位浸膏800 g。将该浸膏经硅胶柱分离,石油醚-乙酸乙酯(100 ∶0～0 ∶100) 梯度洗脱,经TLC 薄层色谱结合HPLC 检测得到6 个流分Fr.1～Fr.6。Fr.1 经聚酰胺柱乙醇-水(1 ∶4～9 ∶1) 梯度洗脱、Sephadex LH-20 甲醇洗脱分离后再经半制备HPLC得化合物2、8。Fr.2 经聚酰胺柱乙醇-水(1 ∶4～9 ∶1) 梯度洗脱、Sephadex LH-20 甲醇洗脱分离后再经半制备HPLC 得化合物3、6。Fr.3 通过重结晶析出晶体,得化合物1。Fr.4 经聚酰胺柱乙醇-水(1 ∶4～9 ∶1) 梯度洗脱、Sephadex LH-20 甲醇洗脱分离后再经半制备HPLC 得化合物7、9、12。Fr.5 通过重结晶析出晶体,得化合物10,滤液经Sephadex LH-20 甲醇洗脱分离后再经半制备HPLC 得化合物4～5、15。Fr.6 经聚酰胺柱乙醇-水(1 ∶4～9 ∶1) 梯度洗脱、Sephadex LH-20 甲醇洗脱分离后再经半制备HPLC 得化合物11、13～14。

3 结构鉴定

化合物2:淡黄色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:403.0［M-H］-,分子式C25H24O5。1H-NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:8.21 (1H,s,H-2),6.28 (1H,s,H-6),7.26 (1H,brs,H-2′),6.79 (1H,d,J=7.2 Hz,H-5′),7.26 (1H,brd,J=7.2 Hz,H-6′),6.44 (1H,d,J=9.6 Hz,H-1″),5.78 (1H,d,J=9.6 Hz,H-2″),1.39 (3H,s,H-4″),1.39 (3H,s,H-5″),3.21 (2H,d,J=6.6 Hz,H-1‴),5.19(1H,t,J=6.6 Hz,H-2‴),1.72 (3H,s,H-4‴),1.62 (3H,s,H-5‴)；13C-NMR (100 MHz,DMSOd6)δ:152.4 (C-2),122.8 (C-3),181.1 (C-4),160.5 (C-5),99.5 (C-6),160.5 (C-7),105.1(C-8),154.9 (C-9),106.1 (C-10),123.2 (C-1′),126.7 (C-2′),121.9 (C-3′),153.2 (C-4′),121.0 (C-5′),130.8 (C-6′),116.3 (C-1″),129.3(C-2″),76.4 (C-3″),27.9 (C-4″),27.9 (C-5″),21.4 (C-1‴),122.5 (C-2‴),134.5 (C-3‴),25.5(C-4‴),17.6 (C-5‴)。以上波谱数据与文献［9］报道基本一致,故鉴定为ulexone A。

化合物3:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:369.2［M-H］-,分子式C20H18O7。1H-NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:4.61 (1H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-2),4.07(1H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-2),5.83 (1H,s,H-6),5.83 (1H,s,H-8),6.33 (1H,d,J=8.4 Hz,H-5′),7.23 (1H,d,J=8.4 Hz,H-6′),6.61 (1H,d,J=10.2 Hz,H-1″),5.66 (1H,d,J=10.2 Hz,H-2″),1.33 (3H,s,H-4″),1.33 (3H,s,H-5″)；13C-NMR (100 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:73.4 (C-2),73.4 (C-3),194.0 (C-4),164.6 (C-5),95.3(C-6),168.0 (C-7),96.4 (C-8),162.3 (C-9),100.3 (C-10),129.2 (C-1′),153.3 (C-2′),110.0 (C-3′),149.7 (C-4′),107.3 (C-5′),127.5(C-6′),116.8 (C-1″),129.2 (C-2″),75.3 (C-3″),27.5 (C-4″),27.4 (C-5″)。以上波谱数据与文 献 ［10］ 报道基本一致,故鉴定为sophoronol A。

化合物4:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:404.9［M-H］-,分子式C25H26O5。1H-NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:8.05 (1H,s,H-2),6.16 (1H,s,H-8),7.18 (1H,d,J=2.2 Hz,H-2′),6.81 (1H,d,J=8.2 Hz,H-5′),7.14 (1H,dd,J=8.2,2.2 Hz,H-6′),3.23 (2H,d,J=7.2 Hz,H-1″),5.27(1H,t,J=7.2 Hz,H-2″),1.72 (3H,s,H-4″),1.68 (3H,s,H-5″),3.20 (2H,d,J=7.2 Hz,H-1‴),5.23 (1H,t,J=7.2 Hz,H-2‴),1.68 (3H,s,H-4‴),1.61 (3H,s,H-5‴)；13C-NMR (100 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:152.0 (C-2),123.4 (C-3),180.6 (C-4),158.9 (C-5),111.3 (C-6),161.3(C-7),92.8 (C-8),155.7 (C-9),105.1 (C-10),122.0 (C-1′),129.8 (C-2′),127.7 (C-3′),154.5(C-4′),114.8 (C-5′),127.5 (C-6′),21.1 (C-1″),121.6 (C-2″),132.3 (C-3″),17.4 (C-4″),25.4 (C-5″),28.4 (C-1‴),121.7 (C-2‴),133.0(C-3‴),17.4 (C-4‴),25.4 (C-5‴)。以上波谱数据与文献［11］ 报道基本一致,故鉴定为lupalbigenin。

化合物5:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:421.1［M-H］-,分子式C25H26O6。1H-NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:7.99 (1H,s,H-2),6.30 (1H,d,J=2.8 Hz,H-3′),6.25 (1H,dd,J=2.8,7.2 Hz,H-5′),6.96 (1H,d,J=7.2 Hz,H-6′),3.21(2H,d,J=7.2 Hz,H-1″),5.11 (1H,t,J=7.2 Hz,H-2″),1.71 (3H,s,H-4″),1.61 (3H,s,H-5″),3.19 (2H,d,J=7.2 Hz,H-1‴),5.13 (1H,t,J=7.2 Hz,H-2‴),1.71 (3H,s,H-4‴),1.61(3H,s,H-5‴)；13C-NMR (100 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:160.7 (C-2),122.1 (C-3),182.6 (C-4),157.8(C-5),108.7 (C-6),158.3 (C-7),106.8 (C-8),153.3 (C-9),105.4 (C-10),112.7 (C-1′),155.1(C-2′),105.8 (C-3′),157.4 (C-4′),111.4 (C-5′),130.9 (C-6′),21.9 (C-1″),121.4 (C-2″),136.0 (C-3″),26.0 (C-4″),18.1 (C-5″),21.9(C-1‴),121.1 (C-2‴),134.7 (C-3‴),26.1 (C-4‴),18.1 (C-5‴)。以上波谱数据与文献［12］ 报道基本一致,故鉴定为8-prenylluteone。

化合物6:淡黄色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:335.1［M-H］-,分子式C20H16O5。1H-NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:8.30 (1H,s,H-2),6.20 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-6),6.36 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-8),7.28 (1H,d,J=2.4 Hz,H-2′),6.79 (1H,d,J=8.2 Hz,H-5′),7.28 (1H,dd,J=2.4,8.2 Hz,H-6′),6.43 (1H,d,J=9.8 Hz,H-1″),5.77 (1H,d,J=9.8 Hz,H-2″),1.39 (3H,s,H-4″),1.39(3H,s,H-5″)；13C-NMR (100 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:152.4 (C-2),122.0 (C-3),180.0 (C-4),162.0(C-5),99.3 (C-6),165.1 (C-7),93.9 (C-8),157.7 (C-9),104.2 (C-10),123.3 (C-1′),127.0(C-2′),120.7 (C-3′),154.2 (C-4′),115.7 (C-5′),129.8 (C-6′),121.9 (C-1″),131.4 (C-2″),76.4 (C-3″),27.8 (C-4″),27.8 (C-5″)。以上波谱数据与文献 ［13］ 报道基本一致,故鉴定为isoderrone。

化合物7:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:351.2［M-H］-,分子式C21H20O5。1H-NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:3.50 (1H,t,J=10.0 Hz,H-2),4.17 (1H,dd,J=4.6,10.0 Hz,H-2),3.44 (1H,m,H-3),5.57 (1H,d,J=5.4 Hz,H-4),5.92(1H,d,J=1.6 Hz,H-6),6.10 (1H,d,J=1.6 Hz,H-8),6.26 (1H,d,J=7.2 Hz,H-5′),7.04(1H,d,J=7.2 Hz,H-6′),6.34 (1H,d,J=9.6 Hz,H-1″),5.67 (1H,d,J=9.6 Hz,H-2″),1.34(3H,s,H-4″),1.33 (3H,s,H-5″),3.79 (3H,s,5-OCH3)；13C-NMR (100 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:65.8 (C-2),38.4 (C-3),75.7 (C-4),159.6 (C-5),92.8 (C-6),160.7 (C-7),95.4 (C-8),157.0(C-9),100.2 (C-10),119.5 (C-1′),152.9 (C-2′),105.0 (C-3′),155.1 (C-4′),107.7 (C-5′),124.3 (C-6′),116.0 (C-1″),129.8 (C-2″),75.7(C-3″),27.5 (C-4″),27.3 (C-5″),55.6 (5-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献［14］ 报道基本一致,故鉴定为1-methoxy-phaseollin。

化合物8:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:381.2［M-H］-,分子式C22H22O6。1H-NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:8.03 (1H,s,H-2),7.91 (1H,d,J=8.4 Hz,H-5),6.93 (1H,brd,J=8.4 Hz,H-6),6.87 (1H,brs,H-8),6.32 (1H,s,H-5′),3.16 (2H,d,J=6.8 Hz,H-1″),5.11 (1H,t,J=6.8 Hz,H-2″),1.69 (3H,s,H-4″),1.62 (3H,s,H-5″),3.37 (3H,s,-OCH3),3.74 (3H,s,-OCH3)；13C-NMR (100 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:155.5(C-2),118.6 (C-3),175.2 (C-4),127.1 (C-5),114.9 (C-6),162.4 (C-7),102.2 (C-8),157.7(C-9),116.7 (C-10),105.7 (C-1′),157.8 (C-2′),112.8 (C-3′),158.2 (C-4′),95.2 (C-5′),155.5 (C-6′),22.3 (C-1″),124.0 (C-2″),129.6(C-3″),17.6 (C-4″),25.5 (C-5″),55.5(-OCH3),60.6 (-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献［15］ 报道基本一致,故鉴定为甘草利酮。

化合物9:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:350.9［M-H］-,分子式C21H20O5。1H-NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:5.40 (2H,s,H-2),6.29 (1H,s,H-8),6.97 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-3′),6.76 (1H,dd,J=2.0,8.4 Hz,H-5′),7.31 (1H,d,J=8.4 Hz,H-6′),3.19 (2H,d,J=6.8 Hz,H-1″),5.16(1H,t,J=6.8 Hz,H-2″),1.73 (3H,s,H-4″),1.63 (3H,s,H-5″),3.74 (3H,s,5-OCH3)；13CNMR (100 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:64.1 (C-2),106.2(C-3),145.0 (C-4),155.3 (C-5),115.2 (C-6),152.9 (C-7),99.9 (C-8),156.7 (C-9),102.6(C-10),117.2 (C-1′),156.0 (C-2′),98.1 (C-3′),153.4 (C-4′),112.2 (C-5′),119.0 (C-6′),22.0 (C-1″),123.6 (C-2″),130.0 (C-3″),17.8(C-4″),25.6 (C-5″),61.6 (5-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献［16］ 报道基本一致,故鉴定为glyurallin A。

化合物10:淡黄色晶体,ESI-MSm/z:365.1［M-H］-,分子式C21H18O6。1H-NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:6.76 (1H,s,H-8),7.16 (1H,d,J=2.0 Hz,H-3′),6.94 (1H,dd,J=2.0,8.2 Hz,H-5′),7.70 (1H,d,J=8.2 Hz,H-6′),3.34(2H,d,J=7.2 Hz,H-1″),5.18 (1H,t,J=7.2 Hz,H-2″),1.76 (3H,s,H-4″),1.64 (3H,s,H-5″),3.89 (3H,s,5-OCH3)；13C-NMR (100 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:158.2 (C-2),102.2 (C-3),156.0(C-4),153.9 (C-5),119.7 (C-6),159.5 (C-7),99.2 (C-8),152.9 (C-9),99.8 (C-10),114.3(C-1′),156.1 (C-2′),98.5 (C-3′),156.1 (C-4′),114.0 (C-5′),120.5 (C-6′),22.1 (C-1″),122.4 (C-2″),130.9 (C-3″),17.7 (C-4″),25.5(C-5″),62.4 (5-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献［17］ 报道基本一致,故鉴定为甘草酚。

对于初中生而言，年龄相对较小，对任何事情都具有着很大的好奇心，因此只要初中语文教师注重活跃课堂氛围，就很容易将学生带到相应的情境之中，激发他们的学习兴趣。在过去传统的初中语文教学中，教师并不重视课堂氛围，只是简单地讲授知识点，造成学生认为语文学习枯燥乏味，出现排斥心理，影响到初中语文的教学质量。因此，为了打破过去教学方法的束缚，教师应该积极使用多元化的教学方法。在讲课的过程中，教师可以面带微笑，在课堂上营造出轻松、活跃的课堂氛围，通过提问或是小故事等形式引导学生积极发言，多与学生进行互动。例如在讲述诗歌古文时，教师可以以小组为单位举行朗诵比赛，让学生们扮演诗人来抒发自己的情怀等。

化合物11:淡黄色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:321.2［M-H］-,分子式:C20H18O4。1H-NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:4.88 (2H,s,H-2),6.52 (1H,s,H-4),6.99 (1H,d,J=8.2 Hz,H-5),6.33 (1H,dd,J=8.2,2.2 Hz,H-6),6.24 (1H,d,J=2.2 Hz,H-8),6.39 (1H,d,J=8.4 Hz,H-5′),6.92(1H,d,J=8.4 Hz,H-6′),6.57 (1H,d,J=10.0 Hz,H-1″),5.63 (1H,d,J=10.0 Hz,H-2″),1.37(3H,s,H-4″),1.37 (3H,s,H-5″)；13C-NMR(100 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:67.7 (C-2),127.8 (C-3),119.9 (C-4),127.5 (C-5),108.9 (C-6),158.1 (C-7),102.4 (C-8),154.0 (C-9),117.6(C-10),115.4 (C-1′),150.6 (C-2′),108.7 (C-3′),153.2 (C-4′),108.2 (C-5′),127.8 (C-6′),116.9 (C-1″),128.4 (C-2″),75.8 (C-3″),27.3(C-4″),27.3 (C-5″)。以上波谱数据与文献［18］报道基本一致,故鉴定为光甘草素。

化合物12:黄色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:363.1［M-H］-,分子式C21H16O6。1H-NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:6.82 (1H,s,H-8),7.19 (1H,d,J=1.8 Hz,H-3′),6.93 (1H,dd,J=1.8,8.4 Hz,H-5′),7.73 (1H,d,J=8.4 Hz,H-6′),6.69(1H,d,J=10.2 Hz,H-1″),5.96 (1H,d,J=10.2 Hz,H-2″),1.45 (3H,s,H-4″),1.45 (3H,s,H-5″),3.96 (3H,s,5-OCH3)；13C-NMR (100 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:157.3 (C-2),103.4 (C-3),157.9(C-4),151.2 (C-5),112.3 (C-6),156.4 (C-7),100.9 (C-8),154.3 (C-9),101.5 (C-10),114.4(C-1′),156.5 (C-2′),98.8 (C-3′),157.4 (C-4′),114.5 (C-5′),120.8 (C-6′),115.1 (C-1″),131.7 (C-2″),77.9 (C-3″),28.0 (C-4″),28.0(C-5″),63.1 (5-OCH3)。以上波谱数据与文献［17］ 报道基本一致,故鉴定为gancaonin F。

化合物13:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:323.0［M-H］-,分子式C20H20O4。1H-NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:4.16 (1H,br d,J=10.4 Hz,H-2),3.91 (1H,t,J=10.4 Hz,H-2),3.28 (1H,m,H-3),2.68 (1H,dd,J=15.0,4.4 Hz,H-4),2.86(1H,dd,J=15.0,11.0 Hz,H-4),6.87 (1H,d,J=8.4 Hz,H-5),6.30 (1H,dd,J=8.4,2.2 Hz,H-6),6.31 (1H,d,J=2.2 Hz,H-8),6.18 (1H,d,J=8.8 Hz,H-5′),6.82 (1H,d,J=8.8 Hz,H-6′),6.58 (1H,d,J=10.0 Hz,H-1″),5.63 (1H,d,J=10.0 Hz,H-2″),1.39 (3H,s,H-4″),1.39(3H,s,H-5″)；13C-NMR (100 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:69.3 (C-2),31.0 (C-3),29.9 (C-4),130.1 (C-5),107.6 (C-6),156.5 (C-7),102.5 (C-8),154.6 (C-9),112.7 (C-10),118.9 (C-1′),150.6(C-2′),108.9 (C-3′),152.0 (C-4′),108.0 (C-5′),127.0 (C-6′),117.2 (C-1″),128.4 (C-2″),75.4 (C-3″),27.3 (C-4″),27.3 (C-5″)。以上波谱数据与文献［19］ 报道基本一致,故鉴定为1-phaseollinisoflavan。

化合物14:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:351.2［M-H］-,分子式C21H20O5。1H-NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:8.42 (1H,s,H-2),6.73 (1H,s,H-8),7.41 (1H,d,J=9.0 Hz,H-2′),6.85 (1H,d,J=9.0 Hz,H-3′),6.85 (1H,d,J=9.0 Hz,H-5′),7.41 (1H,d,J=9.0 Hz,H-6′),3.25 (2H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-1″),5.16 (1H,t,J=7.0 Hz,H-2″),1.72 (3H,s,H-4″),1.62 (3H,s,H-5″),3.91 (3H,s,7-OCH3)；13C-NMR (100 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:154.2 (C-2),122.5 (C-3),180.4(C-4),157.5 (C-5),111.7 (C-6),162.9 (C-7),90.2 (C-8),155.9 (C-9),105.3 (C-10),121.2(C-1′),130.2 (C-2′),115.1 (C-3′),157.5 (C-4′),115.1 (C-5′),130.2 (C-6′),21.0 (C-1″),121.9 (C-2″),131.1 (C-3″),25.5 (C-4″),17.7(C-5″)。以上波谱数据与文献［17］ 报道基本一致,故鉴定为gancaonin G。

化合物15:白色粉末,ESI-MSm/z:421.1［M-H］-,分子式C25H26O6。1H-NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:4.28 (2H,d,J=7.6 Hz,H-2),4.04(1H,t,J=7.6 Hz,H-3),5.72 (1H,s,H-8),6.31 (1H,d,J=8.4 Hz,H-5′),6.74 (1H,d,J=8.4 Hz,H-6′),3.06 (2H,d,J=7.0 Hz,H-1″),5.14 (1H,t,J=7.0 Hz,H-2″),1.68 (3H,s,H-4″),1.60 (3H,s,H-5″),6.55 (1H,d,J=10.0 Hz,H-1‴),5.72 (1H,d,J=10.0 Hz,H-2‴),1.27 (3H,s,H-4‴),1.27 (3H,s,H-5‴)；13CNMR (100 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:70.3 (C-2),46.7(C-3),197.9 (C-4),164.4 (C-5),108.1 (C-6),161.5 (C-7),94.5 (C-8),161.2 (C-9),102.6(C-10),109.6 (C-1′),151.2 (C-2′),114.0 (C-3′),153.2 (C-4′),108.2 (C-5′),130.7 (C-6′),21.3 (C-1″),123.2 (C-2″),129.2 (C-3″),26.0(C-4″),18.3 (C-5″),117.3 (C-1‴),129.0 (C-2‴),76.4 (C-3‴),27.7 (C-4‴),28.0 (C-5‴)。以上波谱数据与文献［20］ 报道基本一致,故鉴定为licoisoflavanone C。

4 讨论

甘草是一种常用中药,其化学成分(黄酮糖苷、三萜皂苷、简单黄酮以及异戊烯基黄酮) 研究已有较多报道。然而,甘草中的异戊烯基黄酮类成分在甘草的各类成分中含量最低,研究相对较少。本实验采用多种色谱和光谱技术,从乌拉尔甘草中分离并鉴定了15 个异戊烯基黄酮类化合物,其具有显著的抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化等多种药理活性,本研究结果在一定程度上丰富了甘草的异戊烯基黄酮类化学成分,以期有助于开发其潜在的药用价值。同时,也为甘草的质量标准及药效物质研究奠定基础,促进了甘草的进一步开发利用。