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基于近红外光谱的金鲳鱼新鲜度快速检测技术

2021-03-25方瑶谢天铧郭渭白雪冰李振波李鑫星

江苏农业学报 2021年1期

方瑶 谢天铧 郭渭 白雪冰 李振波 李鑫星

摘要: 挥发性盐基氮(Total volatile basic nitrogen,TVB-N)是动物性食品的新鲜度指标。传统的TVB-N检测技术工序繁杂,对鱼肉具有不可逆的破坏性。本研究拟用近红外光谱技术进行金鲳鱼肉质新鲜度的检测,采用一阶微分(1st Der)、二阶微分(2nd Der)、多元散射校正(Multiplicative scatter correction , MSC)、标准正态变换(Standard normal variate transform,SNV)对金鲳鱼鱼肉的近红外光谱数据进行预处理,通过比较预测结果,确定多元散射校正为最优预处理方法。分别采用偏最小二乘法(PLS)和主成分回归法(PCR)建立金鲳鱼鱼肉TVB-N的预测模型,最终确立了基于MSC和PLS的最佳模型,其中预测集均方根误差(RMSEP)为1.845 4,决定系数(R2)为0.884 1。由研究结果看出,基于近红外光谱建立的金鲳鱼肉质预测模型具有较高的精度,可为快速检测金鲳鱼的肉质新鲜度提供理论依据。

关键词: 近红外光谱;新鲜度;金鲳鱼;挥发性盐基氮;偏最小二乘法;多元散射校正

中图分类号: O657.3 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-4440(2021)01-0213-06

Rapid detection technology of pomfret freshness based on near infrared spectroscopy

FANG Yao1, XIE Tian-hua2, GUO Wei1, BAI Xue-bing1, LI Zhen-bo1, LI Xin-xing1

(1.College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricutural University, Beijing 100083, China;2.College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)

Abstract: The total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) is the freshness index of animal food. The traditional TVB-N detection technology is complicated and has irreversible damage to fish. In this study, near-infrared spectroscopy was used to detect the meat freshness of pomfret. The first order differential (1st Der), second order differential (2nd Der), standard normal variate transform(SNV), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC) were used to preprocess the near infrared spectrum data. The MSC was determined as the optimal pretreatment method by comparing the predicted results. Partial least squares(PLS) and principal component regression(PCR) were used to establish the TVB-N prediction model. The best model was the prediction model based on MSC and PLS. RMSEP of the model was 1.845 4, and R2 was 0.884 1. The results show that the prediction model of pomfret meat freshness based on near-infrared spectroscopy has high accuracy, which provides theoretical basis for rapid detection of pomfret meat freshness.

Key words: near infrared spectroscopy;freshness;pomfret;total volatile basic nitrogen;partial least squares;multiplicative scatter correction

金鯧鱼产于沿海地区,其肉质鲜美、营养价值高[1],但是在捕获、运输、加工、消费过程中,由于金鲳鱼内源酶降解、微生物分解等作用,使其肉质新鲜度下降[2],导致其商品价值降低,甚至会引发食品安全问题。可见,对金鲳鱼进行肉质新鲜度的检测十分必要。

GB 2722-1981《鲜肉卫生标准》中以挥发性盐基氮(TVB-N)[3]作为评价鱼肉、羊肉等肉质新鲜度的重要指标。目前,鱼类肉质新鲜度的检测方法有人工感官评定法和理化检测法。人工感官评定法较为主观且不易量化,存在误判的可能性,会导致新鲜度品质评价失误[4]。……

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