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海藻酸钠复合天然化学物质涂膜对鲜切莲藕保鲜效果的影响

2021-03-25张春洁MohamedHawaliBataGouda王俊豪彭思佳孔晓雪张秋婷罗海波

江苏农业学报 2021年1期

张春洁 Mohamed Hawali Bata Gouda 王俊豪 彭思佳 孔晓雪 张秋婷 罗海波

摘要: 利用响应面法优化鲜切莲藕复合涂膜保鲜剂。根据不同保鲜剂的功能特性,选择7种保鲜剂(L-半胱氨酸、柠檬酸、草酸、L-精氨酸、海藻酸纳、亚麻籽胶、壳聚糖),考察不同质量分数保鲜剂对鲜切莲藕色泽的影响。以此单因素试验结果为基础,采用Design-Expert.V8.0.6.1软件进行响应面试验方案设计。结果表明,所选7种保鲜剂均可显著(P<0.05)延缓鲜切莲藕表面褐变;鲜切莲藕复合涂膜保鲜剂最佳组合为:0.50%海藻酸钠+0.27% L-半胱氨酸+0.76%柠檬酸。在此条件下鲜切莲藕贮藏12 d后色差值为1.86,菌落总数为2.69×105CFU/g,与回归方程预测值相近。表明海藻酸钠复合L-半胱氨酸和柠檬酸涂膜处理可有效延缓鲜切莲藕表面褐变和微生物腐败,维持较好的鲜切莲藕商品品质。

关键词: 鲜切莲藕;涂膜保鲜剂;品质;货架寿命

中图分类号: TS255.3 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1000-4440(2021)01-0175-10

Effects of sodium alginate and natural chemical composite coating on quality of fresh-cut lotus root during storage

ZHANG Chun-jie, BATA GOUDA Mohamed-hawali, WANG Jun-hao, PENG Si-jia, KONG Xiao-xue, ZHANG Qiu-ting, LUO Hai-bo

(School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China)

Abstract: The response surface method was used to optimize the compound coating antistaling agent of fresh-cut lotus root. According to the functional characteristics of different preservatives, seven kinds of preservatives were selected to investigate the effects of preservatives with different mass ratios on the color of fresh-cut lotus root. Based on the single factor test results, Design-Expert.V8.0.6.1 software was used to analyze the response surface test design. The results showed that the seven preservatives could significantly (P<0.05) delay the surface browning of fresh-cut lotus root, and the optimal combination of compound coating antistaling agent was 0.50% sodium alginate, 0.27% L-cysteine, 0.76% citric acid. Under these conditions, the color difference value and the total number of colonies were 1.86 and 2.69×105CFU/g after 12 days of fresh-cut lotus root storage, which was similar to the predicted value of the regression equation. Sodium alginate combined with L-cysteine and citric acid coating can effectively delay the surface browning and microbial spoilage of fresh-cut lotus root and maintain the good quality of fresh-cut lotus root.

Key words: fresh-cut lotus root;coating antistaling agent;quality;shelf-life

莲藕外观洁白、口感脆爽、营养丰富,是中国重要的水生蔬菜之一[1]。莲藕不仅有较高的食用价值,也有相当高的药用价值,是药食同源型食品,具有清热生津、止呕止渴、益血补心、健脾益气之功效[2]。鲜切莲藕是将新鲜莲藕进行清洗、整修、去皮、切分、护色、包装等加工流程,保持莲藕的风味及新鲜态,供消费者即食或餐饮业使用的一种新式加工产品[3]。但是,将新鲜莲藕切分后,莲藕的呼吸速率提高,衰老加速。切分还会引发一系列生理生化变化,使微生物侵染的概率大大提高,具体表现有颜色劣变、硬度下降及风味恶化等,导致莲藕品质和食用安全性降低[4],其中褐变和微生物侵染是导致鲜切莲藕货架期品质下降的主要原因。因此,探究鲜切莲藕的褐变机理和微生物污染的情况,对于提高鲜切莲藕食用安全性及延长货架期有重要意义。

关于鲜切莲藕的保鲜方法,目前采取较多的是物理化学方法。其中常见的有清洗消毒、气调、辐照及化学药剂浸泡等,这些方法对于有效延缓鲜切蔬菜褐变的发生,维持鲜切蔬菜的品质,均有较好的效果。……

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