吴玉萍 王芹 王雪辉

【摘要】 目的：探討渐进式肌肉放松训练结合人文关怀护理改善乳腺癌患者化疗所致胃肠道反应的效果。方法：选取2017年3月-2018年6月本院首次接受化疗的76例乳腺癌患者，按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组，每组38例。对照组行常规护理，观察组在对照组的基础上行渐进式肌肉放松训练联合人文关怀护理。采用MAT量表比较两组患者急性期和延迟期的恶心呕吐情况。结果：对照组化疗后急性期恶心发生率为52.63%高于观察组44.73%，对照组化疗后延迟期恶心发生率为65.79%高于观察组57.89%，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。对照组急性期恶心程度评分为（3.63±1.02）分，高于观察组的（3.45±0.88）分，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组延迟期恶心程度评分为（2.18±0.94）分，低于对照组的（2.64±0.83）分，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组急性期呕吐发生率为34.21%，低于对照组的44.74%，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组延迟期呕吐发生率为18.42%，低于对照组的39.47%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：渐进式肌肉放松训练结合人文关怀护理能够有效降低乳腺癌患者化疗所致的延迟性呕吐的发生率，缓解延迟期恶心严重程度。

【关键词】 渐进式肌肉放松训练 人文关怀护理 乳腺癌 胃肠道反应

Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Training Combined with Humanistic Care Nursing in Improving Gastrointestinal Reaction Induced by Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer/WU Yuping， WANG Qin， WANG Xuehui. //Medical Innovation of China， 2021， 18（28）： 0-097

[Abstract] Objective： To explore the effect of progressive muscle relaxation training combined with humanistic care nursing in improving gastrointestinal reactions induced by chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Method： A total of 78 breast cancer patients who received their first chemotherapy in our hospital from March 2017 to June 2018 were selected， and they were divided into control group and observation group according to random number table， 38 cases in each group. The control group was treated with routine nursing， and the control group was treated with progressive muscle relaxation training combined with humanistic care nursing on the basis of the control group. MAT scale was used to compare the nausea and vomiting of patients in the acute stage and the delayed stage. Result： The incidence of acute stage nausea after chemotherapy in the control group was 52.63%， which was higher than 44.73% in the observation group， the incidence of delayed stage nausea after chemotherapy in the control group was 65.79%， which was higher than 57.89% in the observation group， but the differences were not statistically significant （P>0.05）. The scores of acute stage nausea in the control group was （3.63±1.02） points， which was higher than （3.45±0.88） points in the observation group， but the difference was not statistically significant （P>0.05）. The scores of delayed stage nausea in the observation group was （2.18±0.94） points， which was lower than （2.64±0.83） points in the control group， but the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The incidence of acute stage vomiting in the observation group was 34.21%， which was lower than 44.74% in the control group， but the difference was not statistically significant （P>0.05）. The incidence of delayed stage vomiting in the observation group was 18.42%， which was lower than 39.47% in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion： Progressive muscle relaxation training combined with humanistic care nursing can effectively reduce the incidence of delayed vomiting caused by chemotherapy in breast cancer patients， alleviate the severity of nausea in the delayed stage.

[Key words] Progressive muscle relaxation training Humanistic care nursing Breast cancer Gastrointestinal reaction

First-author’s address： Jiangxi Cancer Hospital， Nanchang 330029， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.28.023

近年來，我国乳腺癌发病率增长迅速且呈年轻化趋势，是威胁女性健康的头号杀手[1]。化疗是乳腺癌的重要治疗手段，且患者获益明显，但化疗有明显的毒副作用，其中化疗所致的恶心呕吐症状（chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting，CINV）让患者产生严重的恐惧和负担，从而影响到了化疗效果[2]。……