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光动力疗法在口腔种植体周围炎治疗中的研究进展

2021-03-24曹飞刘童斌张晓明

中国医学创新 2021年27期

曹飞 刘童斌 张晓明

【摘要】 光动力疗法(photodynamic therapy,PDT)将光源、光敏剂以及氧气三者紧密结合发挥抗炎杀菌作用,同时对机体及组织的正常生命代谢活动无不良影响。PDT以因安全高效杀菌性及低毒副性等优势被越来越多地应用于口腔种植领域的治疗和研究。但PDT仍处于初级阶段,仍需要更多高质量的体内实验及临床研究来验证。本文以PDT的作用原理为基础,对PDT在口腔种植体周围炎治疗中抗炎和抗菌两方面的研究进展做一综述。为PDT在未来口腔领域的临床应用提供参考依据,并提出需要解决的相关问题。

【关键词】 光动力疗法 种植体周围炎 抗炎 抗菌

Research Progress of Photodynamic Therapy in Treatment of Peri-implantitis/CAO Fei, LIU Tongbin, ZHANG Xiaoming. //Medical Innovation of China, 2021, 18(27): -181

[Abstract] Photodynamic therapy (PDT) combines light source, photosensitizer and oxygen closely to exert the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect, and has no adverse effect on the normal metabolism of the body and tissue. PDT is more and more used in the treatment and research of the field of oral implant because of its advantages such as safety, efficient sterilization and low toxicity. However, PDT is still in its infancy and more high-quality in vivo experiments and clinical studies are needed to verify it. Based on the action principle of PDT, this paper reviews the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial research progress of PDT in the treatment of Peri-implantitis. To provide a reference basis for the clinical application of PDT in the field of stomatology in the future, and put forward the related problems that need to be solved.

[Key words] Photodynamic therapy Peri-implantitis Anti-inflammatory Antibacterial

First-author’s address: Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.27.044

自骨整合理論发现并应用至今,口腔种植技术获得迅猛发展[1]。种植体周围炎是种植修复后最普遍的问题之一,其发生率为1%~47%[2]。钛金属自身不规则的表面结构易被细菌黏附聚集形成生物膜而破坏骨整合,并且可诱导宿主发生免疫炎症反应,从而引起种植体周围炎等相关感染,进而导致种植体修复失败乃至周围局部组织的病变坏死。所以抑制乃至杀灭种植体周围的细菌对种植义齿修复的成功起着决定性作用。目前传统治疗种植体周围炎的方法如机械清创疗法、化学药物疗法及抗生素疗法等无法彻底根除致病病因且极易对机体造成不可逆的损伤以及毒副作用。近年来光动力疗法(photodynamic therapy,PDT)在治疗种植体周围炎中取得显著成效[3]。它通过光敏剂与特定波长的激光在氧气的参与下生成活性氧分子(reactive oxygen species,ROS),并与细菌作用产生超强的氧化反应,最终杀灭致病菌。……

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