周萍

【摘要】 目的：分析社區高血压患者对并发症防控认知度的现状以及影响因素。方法：采用调查问卷的方式，对400例社区高血压患者进行并发症防控认知度的调查，对高血压患者并发症防控认知度现状进行统计分析，并采用单因素与多因素logistic回归分析对其影响因素进行分析。结果：社区高血压患者的并发症防控认知总得分为（65.43±3.14）分，其中预防知识知晓的得分最少;社区高血压患者对于心血管、脑部的并发症知晓率相对最高，均在30%以上，对肾脏并发症的知晓率较低，均低于20%，知晓率最高的为冠心病，为43.25%;最低的为失明，占11.25%。不同高血压并发症防控认知度的年龄、文化程度、职业比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;不同高血压并发症防控认知度的性别、婚姻状况、经济状况比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。年龄>60岁、文化程度小学及以下，无业人员，是影响社区高血压患者并发症防控认知率较低的危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：高血压病患者对高血压病并发症尤其对于肾病并发症的认知不足，应加强对年龄高、文化程度较低和无业人员高血压病并发症的健康教育，提高社区高血压患者对并发症的知晓率。

【关键词】 高血压 并发症 防控认知

Research and Analysis on the Status Quo of Awareness of Prevention and Control of Complications of Hypertension Patients in Community and Its Influencing Factors/ZHOU Ping. //Medical Innovation of China， 2021， 18（27）： -164

[Abstract] Objective： To analyze the current status and influencing factors of community hypertension patients’ awareness of the prevention and control of complications. Method： A questionnaire was used to investigate the awareness of complication prevention and control in 400 patients with hypertension in the community. The current situation of awareness of complication prevention and control in patients with hypertension was statistically analyzed， and the influencing factors were analyzed by univariate and multi-factor logistic regression analysis. Result： The total score of cognition of complication prevention and control in patients with hypertension in community was （65.43±3.14）， among which the score of knowledge of prevention was the least; the awareness rate of cardiovascular and brain complications in community patients with hypertension is relatively the highest， more than 30%; the awareness rate of renal complications was lower than 20%; the highest awareness rate was coronary heart disease， accounting for 43.25%; the lowest was blindness， accounting for 11.25%. Comparison of age， education level and occupation of different awareness of prevention and control of hypertension complications， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Comparison of gender， marital status and economic status of different awareness of prevention and control of hypertension complications， there were no significant differences （P>0.05）. Age > 60 years old， education level of primary school and below， unemployed， were the risk factors affecting the low cognitive rate of complication prevention and control of community patients with hypertension （P<0.05）. Conclusion： Patients with hypertension have insufficient cognition of hypertension complications， especially nephrotic complications. Health education on hypertension complications of high age， low education level and unemployed people should be strengthened to improve the awareness rate of hypertension patients in community.

[Key words] Hypertension Complications Prevention and control cognition

First-author’s address： Yingkou Center for Disease Control and Prevention， Yingkou 115000， China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2021.27.040

高血压是血液在血管内流动对血管壁的压力值高于正常值的一种常见心血管疾病。通常不同日测定3次血压均高于正常值，即收缩压≥140 mmHg，和/或舒张压≥90 mmHg，即可被诊断为高血压。高血压的好发人群如肥胖者、高龄人群、家族遗传者、高钠饮食、经常熬夜、过量酒精摄入者[1-2]。……