超声波波导杆技术在钠环境下的应用概述
2021-03-16靳海宾陈树明
靳海宾 陈树明





摘 要:钠冷快堆作为第四代反应堆,以其高效、清洁等优势成为备受关注的反应堆堆型。中国实验快堆(CEFR)作为钠冷快堆,采用液态金属钠作为一回路冷却剂和二回路的载热剂,由于金属钠的不透光性以及高温,导致常规的仪表无法对其进行状态监测,而在高温环境下使用超声波波导管技术对液态金属钠状态进行监测,并且对钠管道以及大型盛钠容器中的遗落物进行定位。本文基于对超声波波导杆所涉及的技术研究进行调研,指出适用于钠环境下运波导杆材料及结构,可对后续相关仪表国产化提供研发思路,并且对于提高反应堆安全具有重要意义。
关键词:波导杆 超声波 钠冷快堆 高温钠环境
Abstract: As the fourth generation reactor, sodium-cooled fast reactor has become the most concerned reactor type due to its advantages of high efficiency and cleanliness. China Experimental Fast Reactor (CEFR), as a sodium-cooled fast reactor, uses liquid metal sodium as the primary coolant and secondary heat carrier. Due to its lightness and high temperature, conventional instruments cannot monitor the state of sodium metal. In the high temperature environment, ultrasonic wave guide technology is used to monitor the state of liquid metal sodium and locate the remains in sodium pipes and large containers. Based on the investigation of the technical research involved in the ultrasonic wave guide rod, this paper points out that the material and structure of the wave guide rod suitable for sodium environment can provide R & D ideas for the localization of subsequent relevant instruments, and is of great significance to improve reactor safety.
Key Words: Wave guide rod; Ultrasonic wave; Sodium cooled fast reactor; High temperature sodium environment
超聲波波导杆[1]作为一种缓冲装置,不仅可以传输声波信号,同样可以在保证声波传输效率的情况下作为隔热缓冲装置对传感器和高温被测介质进行隔离,使得超声波传感器装置[2]可以保持在一个相对低温的工作环境下,防止超声波传感器材料因受到高温损伤而失效。所以,所使用的波导材料不仅要求能承受住高温,也要求可以有效地传输超声波信号,使其具有较高的信噪比。除此之外,还要考虑超声波传感器与波导之间的耦合等影响因素,从而实现超声波信号的有效传输与接收。
由于钠冷快堆液态金属钠[3]的不透光等特殊性质,无法对管道内以及大型盛钠设备的钠状态进行观测,因此采用超声成像技术。……
