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投资者情绪对股价的特质波动、预期收益的影响研究

2021-03-14王凯,王朝晖

科技与管理 2021年5期

王凯,王朝晖

摘要:随着行为金融学的发展,投资者情绪的有效度量及其对股票投资收益的影响日益受到金融风险管理学者的关注。本文通过个股的成交量、换手率等数据构建了可以反映单只股票的投资者情绪度量指标,并实证探究个股情绪对股价特质波动、预期收益的影响。研究发现:个股投资者情绪的高涨会正向加剧股价的特质波动,但却会降低股价的预期收益,从而导致“特质波动率之谜”这种金融异象。

关键词:特质波动率;个股情绪;三因子模型;特质波动率之谜

DOI:10.16315/j.stm.2021.05.009

中图分类号: F 830

文献标志码: A

Research on the influence of investor sentiment on the characteristic volatility

and expected return of stock price

WANG Kai,WANG Zhao-hui

(Business School, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China)

Abstract:With the development of behavioral finance, the effective measurement of investor sentiment and its impact on stock investment returns have received increasing attention from financial risk management scholars. This paper constructs a measure of investor sentiment that can reflect a single stock based on the data of individual stock trading volume and turnover rate, and empirically explores the impact of individual stock sentiment on the fluctuation of stock price characteristics and expected returns. The study found that the high sentiment of individual stock investors will positively aggravate the characteristic volatility of the stock price, but it will reduce the expected return of the stock price, leading to the financial anomaly of “the mystery of characteristic volatility”.

Keywords:special volatility; stock emotions; three factor models;puzzle of special volatility

中國证券市场作为新兴资本市场,近年来取得了长足的发展。市场深度和广度得到了极大的拓展,市场机制也日渐完善,在资源优化配置和推动经济发展方面发挥了一定的作用。但由于中国证券市场上的投资者以中小投资者为主,以往多次经历“疯狂[KG-*5]-[KG-*5]过热[KG-*5]-[KG-*5]恐慌[KG-*5]-[KG-*5]暴跌”的剧烈震荡过程,极大地损害了投资者的利益,对中国证券市场的长远发展也产生了不利影响。这种股市的异常波动是由于非理性投资者情绪波动所产生的效应,在全球股市普遍存在,由于这种投资者非理性情绪的影响效应往往超过宏观和微观经济层面各种因素的影响,引起了金融界学者的广泛关注。其中最为著名的是Ang[2]首次利用三因子模型来分解个股的股价波动。在控制了系统性定价因子之后,他把回归模型的残差项作为股价中的不能被市场解释的波动,即剔除系统性风险的剩余波动,并根据实证结果认为这是股价的特质波动,无法用市场因素来解释。……

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